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e zui hua
鱷嘴花 (literally:
crocodile mouth flower)
(
in English and Chinese 中英文)
by:
Joe Hing kwok Chu
朱興國編
譯
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Pharmaceutical
name:
英文藥
名﹕
|
Herba Clinacanthus
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Botanical
name:
拉丁生物學
名﹕
|
Clinacanthus
nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau
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Pron. in Japanese:
日語發音﹕
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yudunsou(優遁草)
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Pron. in Korean:
韓語發音﹕
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yōuduncho
(優遁草)
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Pron. in Cantonese::
粵音﹕
|
ngok6 zeoi2
faa1 (鱷嘴花)
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Other Names:
別名﹕
|
you dun cao 憂遁草，you dun cao
優遁草，niu xu hua 扭序花，Siam snake grass 暹羅蛇草，xiao
jie gu 小接骨 ，qing jian 青箭《廣西藥植名錄》，rou ci cao 柔刺草，zhu zhi huang 竹枝黃，zhu huang
竹黃，piao huang 剽黃，zhu qing ye 竹葉青，zhu er wang 竹兒王，zhu jie wang 竹節王，zhu jie
huang 竹節黃 《中草藥植物》， ba tan teng 拔彈藤，rou zhi jie gu cao 柔枝節骨草，雅配牙鈞（泰族名）。
Belalai gajah (Malaysia), ki
tajam (Sunda), dandang gendis (Jawa), salet
phangphong (Thailand),
mảnh cộng; lá cầm; běm bịp; xương khỉ (Vietnam)
Sabah snake
grass (Singapore, Malaysia).
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Common Name:
英文名﹕
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Drooping Clinacanthus, snake plant
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Distribution:
產地﹕
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Yunnan; Guangxi; Guangdong; Hainan provinces of China,
also in Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia. and other parts of
southern Asia.
中國的雲南，廣西，廣
東，海南，等省，泰國，越南，馬來西亞，印尼與亞洲南部各地等。
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Properties
characteristics﹕
性味﹕
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sour, sweet, light bitter and acrid, bland, cool.
酸，甘，微苦澀，淡，涼。
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Channels meridians
entered:
歸經﹕
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liver, kidney.
肝，腎。
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Medical
functions:
藥
理﹕
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-
anti-inflammatory effect: inhibition
of neutrophil responsiveness [2] [7]
-
antioxidant [8]
-
against antiproliferative
affect on cultured cancer cells [8]
-
anti HSV [9]
-
抗氧化劑[8]
-
有抗培養的癌細胞增殖的作用[8]
-
抗炎作用：抑制中性粒
細胞 (過度的) 反應 [2] [7]
-
抗單純皰疹病毒[9]
(more to be
uploaded)
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Actions
& Indications:
主
治﹕
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The whole plant is used to treat inflammatory conditions like hematoma, contusion, strains and sprains of injuries
and rheumatism; also for dysuria, dysentery.
In Thailand the plant is famous for treatment of poisonous snake bites; also for insect bites, herpes simplex II [3],
varicella-zoster virus [3] [6], allergic responses.
Now it is being used in treating jaundice type of hepatitis, lymphoma, breast cancer,
prostate cancer, uterus cancer, kidney failure, high uric acid, lung cancer.
全草用於治療發炎如
：血腫，挫傷，拉傷，扭傷，風濕病；並用於排尿痛苦，下痢。
在泰國此是出名治毒
蛇咬傷之草藥，並用來治生殖器皰疹[3]，水痘 (帶狀疱疹病毒)[3][6]，腹瀉。
在印尼民間用本品治腹瀉：新鮮藥草一握，水五杯煎成三杯。分作三次服。
現代還用於治療黃疸型肝炎，淋巴癌，乳癌，前列腺癌，子宮癌，肺癌，高尿酸症，腎臟功能衰竭。
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Chemical
ingredients:
化
學成份﹕
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lupeol (羽扇豆醇). betulin (白樺脂醇);
pentacyclic triterpenoids (五環三萜化合物); sulfur-containing
glycosides(硫配糖体)[1]'
Compounds
with structures related to chlorophyll A and chlorophyll B, namely 132-hydroxy-(132-R)-phaeophytin
a, 132-hydroxy-(132-R)-phaeophytin
b, 132-hydroxy-(132-S)-phaeophytin a, 132-hydroxy-(132-S)-phaeophytin b, 132-hydroxy-(132-R)-chlorophyll b, 132-hydroxy-(132-S)-chlorophyll b.
Also contain: stigmasteryl-3-O-B-D-glucopyranoside.
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Daly Dosage:
每日用量﹕
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Use the the
whole dry herb of15~30 g for decoction and take orally. External application:
use fresh herb. Smash and apply on affected area.
全草15~30 克，
水煎服。外用鮮全草搗爛外敷。
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Samples of
formulae:
處方舉例﹕
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Hepatitis
with jaundice, or acites caused by hepatitis: dry herb 30 g. Add water and
make into decoction and take orally. If fresh herb is being used, use about
120 g, add drinking water. Smash and make juice. Take orally.
Hepatitis with jaundice: xi shu guo (noni fruit) 30 g,
sabah
snake grass (you dun cao) 30 克，
fresh pandan
leaves 60 克. Boil with water and take orally. (Source: Hulu.com,
Section of Experienced Formulae)* See
Possible Toxicity and Cautions:.
黃疸型肝炎，或肝炎引
起腹水：乾品30克，水煎服。如用鮮品，取120 克加開水搗爛取汁服用。
黃疸型肝炎：諾利果30gm，沙巴蛇草(憂遁草)30gm，香林投鮮葉60gm，水煎服。(葫蘆網．驗方組)*
看可能對肝臟有毒條。
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Modern
Research:
現
代研究﹕
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See
bibliography.
看以下參考書目.
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Toxicity
& Cautions:
毒
素與禁忌﹕
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Caution on Noni fruit:
The Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies of European Food Safety Authority concludes that ‘Morinda
citrifolia (Noni) fruit puree and concentrate as novel food
ingredients’ under the specified conditions are considered safe for the general population.
However the Panel considers that the increasing number of case reports might indicate that some individuals have
a particular sensitivity for hepatotoxic effects to noni fruit products.
Noni fruit (and its products) are listed by the U.S. State Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as toxic items.
There are reports that:
(1) those with renal dysfunction had higher chance for renal damage.
(2) more cases of acute hepatitis have been reported after consumption of noni products.
諾利果可能對肝臟有毒
歐洲食品安全局的飲食產品，營養和過敏專家小組得出結論認為諾麗諾麗果漿和濃縮新型食品
對於一般人群，在特定條件下被認為是安全的。
然而，小組認為，越來越多的病例報告可能表明，一些人對諾麗果產品的肝毒性作用特別敏感。
本品(及其產品)被美國國家藥物食品管理局(FDA)列為有毒植物。
有報告指出：
(1)腎功能低下的人，更會造成腎功能的傷害。
(2)多例在食用諾麗產品後，造成急性肝炎。
Bibliography：
[1] http://jglobal.jst.go.jp/public/20090422/200902107598739863
[2]
Journal of Ethnopharmacology
Volume 116, Issue 2, 5 March 2008, Pages 234-244
[3] http://thaiherbinfo.com/en/herb_in_product.php?id_pro=3697
[4]
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
Volume 17, Issue 5, 1 March 2009, Pages 1857-1860
[5] [6]J
Med Assoc Thai. 1995 Nov;78(11):624-7.
[7] Journal of ethnopharmacology,
2008 Mar. 5, v. 116, no. 2
[8]
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:462751. doi: 10.1155/2013/462751.
Epub 2013 Feb 27.
[9[
Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2013 Apr; 3(4): 284–290.
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