|
Pharmaceutical name:
英文藥名﹕
|
Semen Anethi |
|
Botanical name:
學名﹕
|
Anethum graveolens
L. |
|
Pron. in Japanese:
日語發音﹕
|
jira |
|
Pron. in Korean:
韓語發音﹕
|
dil |
|
Pron. in Cantonese:
粵音﹕
|
si4 lo4 |
|
Other Names:
別名﹕
|
yang hui xiang 洋茴香﹐ye
xiao hui 野小茴﹐shang hui xiang 上茴香﹐chou qian hu 臭前胡。 |
|
Common Name:
英文名﹕
|
dill |
|
Distribution:
產地﹕
|
Mainly produced in India.
Originated from Mediterranean area and southern part of Russia. Found
in Spain, Portugal, along the coastal areas of Italy, Balkan Peninsula,
India, Northern Europe, and America. In China: north eastern provinces
(formerly Manchuria), Gansu, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Guangxi provinces.
主產於
印度。原產地中海地區和俄羅斯南方。分佈於西班牙﹐葡萄牙﹐義大利沿海地
區﹐巴爾幹半島﹐印度﹐北歐及美國。於中
國大陸分佈於東北﹐甘肅﹐浙江﹐廣東﹐廣西等地。
|
|
Properties
(characteristics)﹕
性味﹕
|
acrid, warm.
辛 ﹐溫。
|
|
Channels (meridians) entered:
歸經﹕
|
liver, kidney, spleen,
stomach
肝﹐腎﹐脾﹐胃。
|
| Medical functions: 藥理﹕
|
-
improves digestion
-
prevents fermentation of food in the digestive
tract
-
lactagogues
-
sedative
-
prevents spasm
-
the
essential oil can inhibit Aspergillus flavus fungus[2]
-
increase progesterone[3]
-
健胃﹐
-
防止食物發酵﹐
-
催乳﹐
-
鎮靜作用﹐
-
防止痙攣﹐
-
其揮發油能抑制黃黴菌[2]
-
增加黃體素[3]
|
|
Actions & Indications:
主治﹕
|
shi luo (dill) can be
used as a substitute for
xiao hui xiang.
For:
-
headache
-
weak digestion, belching, bad breath, hiccups
-
insomnia
-
preventing hardening of arteries
-
promoting mother's milk
-
preventing muscle spasm
蒔蘿可以代替小茴香使用。
用于﹕
-
頭痛﹐
-
消化不良﹐口臭, 打嗝
-
失眠﹐
-
預防動脈硬化，
-
促進乳汁分泌
-
防止痙攣
|
|
Chemical ingredients: [1]
化學成份﹕
|
J. A. Pino in 1995 using Gas Chromatography and Gas Chromatograph/Mass
Selective Detector analyzed the essential oil of Anethum graveolens
L. and obtained 22 types of ingredients. The main ingredients:
α-phellandrene 24.9﹪
，para-cymene14.4﹪
，dill-ether14.9﹪and
carvone14.5﹪.
Vera in 1998 reported that Anethum graveolens L.
of Reunion Islands
contained 36 types of ingredients. The main ingredients:
α-phellandrene 56.5﹪，dill-ether20.8﹪
，limonene10.9﹪and
Para-cymene 3.8﹪.
The essential oil of leaves and seeds varied. The essential oil in the
leaves was 0.1-0.3﹪
，and the essential oil in the seeds was 1.75-4.0﹪.
The essential oil of the leaves were
α-phellandrene, β-phellandrene
and dill ether，which composed of 90-97﹪of
the total essential oil. Among them the largest amount was
α-phellandrene，51.1-64.7﹪.
The essential oil of the seed composed more of
Carvone
and dihydrocarvone,
comprising 68-83﹪of
total essential oil, 。Other ingredients :limonene14.2﹪-21.4﹪
。The essential oil of the leaves did not contain
Carvone。The
essential oil of the seed did not contain dill ether.
Charles,1995）.
According to the
report of G. Mazza（1996）
：of those grown in western part Canada，the seed contains essential oil
2-3﹪
，The main ingredient of the essential oil was carvone which consisted 40-60﹪.
Its
amount would be depending on area, varieties, and the ripeness of the
seed. The essential oil of the leaves was
0.4-0.8﹪，and contained
15-40﹪of carvone ，32﹪of
limonene and 20﹪of
α-phellandrene.
Pino氏（1995）
報導：採用氣相色層分析儀及氣相層析質譜儀分析生長於古巴之歐洲蒔蘿精油得知：有22種
成分被確認，主要成分有α-水
芹烯（α-phellandrene）24.9﹪
，對異丙基甲苯（Para-cymene）14.4﹪
，蒔蘿乙醚 (dill-ether）14.9﹪
及香芹酮（carvone）14.5﹪
。
Vera氏（1998）
報告：栽培於留尼旺群島之歐洲蒔蘿精油含36種
成分，其中α-水
芹烯有56.5﹪
，蒔蘿乙醚（dill-ether）20.8﹪
，薴烯（limonene）10.9﹪
及對異丙基甲苯
(Para-cymene）3.8﹪
。至於蒔蘿葉及種子之精油含量及成分濃度也不一樣。蒔蘿葉片精油含量為0.1-0.3﹪
，而蒔蘿精油含量則為1.75-4.0﹪
。蒔蘿葉精油之主要成分為α-水
芹烯、β-水
芹烯及蒔蘿乙醚，總共佔蒔蘿精油的90-97﹪
，其中α-水
芹烯最多，有51.1-64.7﹪
。至於蒔蘿精油以香芹酮及二氫香芹酮(dihydrocarvone)較
多，佔全部精油的68-83﹪
。其他成分尚有薴烯14.2﹪-21.4﹪
。在蒔蘿葉片精油並無香芹酮成分。而蒔蘿精油則沒有蒔蘿乙醚成分（Charles,1995）
。
另據
G. Mazza之報導（1996）
：栽植於加拿大西部的蒔蘿，其蒔蘿種子精油含量為2-3﹪
，精油成分主要為香芹酮佔40-60﹪
，其含量依地區，品種及種子成熟度而異。至於蒔蘿葉片精油含量為0.4-0.8﹪
，含15-40﹪
香芹酮，32﹪
薴烯及20﹪
水芹烯。
|
|
Dosage:
用量﹕
|
3 to 20 g. Concentrated extract: 0.5 to
2 g.
3～20克。濃縮中藥：0.5～2克
。
|
|
Samples of formulae
:處方舉例﹕
|
Hernia and flatulence
of small children:
Stir fry shi luo seeds and grind into powder.
Mix with yellow wine and make into paste. Wrap and apply on affected
areas. Replace 2 to 3 times per day.
Injury of the loin area:
Stir fry shi luo seeds. Take 3 grams each time,
3 times per day with warm yellow wine.
Note: warm yellow wine is made from fermenting
glutinous rice.
小兒疝氣腹脹：
蒔蘿子炒香研細末，以熱黄酒調如糊狀，趁温包患部，一日2~3次换敷。
閃挫傷腰疼痛：
蒔蘿子炒香，每次3克，温黄酒送服，一日2~3次。
|
|
Modern Research:
現代研究﹕
|
Effects of Anethum graveolens L. seed extracts on experimental gastric
irritation models in mice. |
|
Toxicity & Cautions:
毒素與禁忌﹕
|
-
陰虛 津液不足者慎用。
-
體質太虛弱的孕婦忌服或慎服。
|
