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Pharmaceutical
name:
英文藥名﹕
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fructus
Momordicae charantiae
herba
Momordicae charantiae
radix
Momordicae charantiae
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Latin name:
學 名﹕
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Momordica charantia L.
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Parts
used:
應用部份﹕
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fruit, leaves and roots
果﹐葉﹐
根部。
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Pron. in Japanese:
日語發音﹕
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goya, nigari, niga uri
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Pron. in Korean:
韓語發音﹕
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jeo ju
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Pron. in Cantonese:
粵音﹕
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fu2 gwaa1
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Other
Chinese Names:
別名﹕
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liang gua 涼瓜、ban sheng gua
半生瓜.
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Common Name:
其他外文名﹕
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bitter gourd,
bitter melon (English)
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karela (Hindi),
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korola,
uchhe (Bengali)
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ampalaya
(Tagalog) ,
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amargoso (Aklanon)
,
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paria, palia
(in some parts of the Philipines),
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pare, pare
pahit, paria,
peria (Indonesian)
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peria katak (Malay)
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muop
dang, khó
quã (Vietnamese)
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tsuru reishi
(Japanese)
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melao de sao caetano (some part of South America)
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balsamina,
papailla (Spanish)
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balsamini
lunghi (Italian)
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springkomkommer
(Dutch)
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assorossie,
momordique, margose, melon amer, balsamine (French)
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wunder-balsamapfel
(German)
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Distribution:
產地﹕
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All over the world.
世界各地。
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Properties
characteristics)﹕
性 味﹕
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bitter, cold.
苦﹐寒
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Channels
meridians) entered:
歸經﹕
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heart, lung, spleen, stomach.
心，肺，脾，胃。
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Medical functions:
藥理﹕
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lowers blood lipids: qingzhisu (lowering
lipid substances) It only acts in the small intestine where fat is absorb.
It changes the screen of the intestine cells and blocks fat and the large
molecules of polysaccharide thus enhances the absorption
of small molecule nutrients. It does not involve with the metabolism
of the body so it does not create toxic effect. See also
Toxicity & Caution
item.
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lowers blood sugar: the saponin of bitter melon
possesses the effect of insulin and can stimulate insulin, and its lowering
blood sugar effect is obvious. See above item
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antivirus
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anti-cancer
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anti-malaria.
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seed my inhibit the enzyme guanylate cyclase, which may benefit people
with psoriasis
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降血脂。
清脂素不進入人體血液，只作用於人體吸收脂肪的小腸。通過改變腸細胞網孔，阻止脂肪、 多糖等高熱量大分子物質的吸收，從而加速體內小分子營 養的吸
收，又不參與人體代謝，所以無任何毒副作用。
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降血糖。 苦瓜中所含的苦瓜皂甙，有類似胰島素的作用 ，還可
刺激胰島素釋放，有非常明顯的降血糖作用。
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抗病毒﹐
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防癌症,
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抗瘧 。
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抑制鳥苷酸環化酶，可能對銀痟病有帮助。
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Actions & Indications:
主治﹕
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Being used in obesity,
diabetes,
constipation, diarrhea due to intestine inflammation, HIV, and
hemorrhoids.
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Root being used in
asthma.
Leaves being used in round worms, and tape worms.
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The small fruits which can not ripen on the vines are
being used in
malaria treatment.
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Seeds can be used in
psoriasis,
eczema,
arthritis, asthma
and other auto-immune system dysfunction diseases.
除
邪熱、解疲勞、清心明目、益氣壯陽 。
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肥胖﹔
糖尿病，便
秘，腸炎腹瀉，免疫系統功能紊亂, 痔瘡﹐
銀 屑病﹐
便秘﹐ 艾滋病﹐ 。
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根用于哮
喘。葉用于蛔
虫﹐ 絛蟲 。
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不能成熟之小苦瓜用于瘧
疾,
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種子用於
銀屑病，
濕疹，
關節炎，哮
喘，與其他自體免疫紊亂病癥。
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Chemical
ingredients:
化學成
份﹕
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5α-Stigmasta-7,25-dien-3β-ol |
豆固醇 |
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5-hydroxytryptamine |
5-羟基色胺 |
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Alkaloids |
生物鹼類 |
| α-Elaeostearic-acid |
α-桐酸 |
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Ascorbigen |
抗壞血酸原 |
| β-sitosterol-d-glucoside |
β-谷甾醇-d-葡糖甙 |
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Charantin |
苦瓜甾 |
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Cirulline |
瓜氨酸 |
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Cryptoxanthin (cryptoxanthol) |
隐黄質 |
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Elasterol |
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Flavochrome |
黃色素 |
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Fluoride |
氟化物 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid |
氨基丁酸 |
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Galacturonic acid |
半乳糖醛酸 |
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Lanosterol |
羊毛固醇 |
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Lutein |
葉黃素 |
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Lycopene |
番茄紅素 |
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Momordicin |
苦瓜葉素 |
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Momordicoside-F-1, Momordicoside-F-2 |
苦瓜皂甙 F1, F2 |
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Momordicoside-G |
苦瓜皂甙 G |
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Momordicoside-I |
苦瓜皂甙 I |
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Mutachrome |
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Oxalate |
草酸鹽 |
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Oxalic acid |
草酸 |
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Pipecolic acid |
哌可酸 |
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Polypeptide p |
多肽P |
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Rubixanthin |
玉紅黃質 |
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Stigmasta-5,25-dien-3-beta-ol (stigmasterol) |
豆固醇 |
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Sugars |
醣類 |
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Zeaxanthin |
玉米黃素 |
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Zeinoxanthin |
玉米黃質 |
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Potassium |
鉀 |
| Vitamin A and
C |
維生素A, C |
| α-momorcharin
(anti HIV) |
α-苦 瓜子蛋
白 (抗
HIV) |
| β-momorcharin
(anti HIV) |
β-苦瓜子蛋白 (抗
HIV) |
| quinine
(anti malaria) |
金雞納 (抗瘧） |
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Dosage:
用量﹕
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The fruit and leaves are being used as vegetable.
For malaria control: use young immature fruit for soup
with rice.
For blood sugar control, make one bitter gourds into
juice and drink before meals, 3 times per day.
According to some report, for weight control: eat 2 to
3 raw bitter gourds per day.
葉與果(瓜)
當蔬菜用。
不能成熟之果加米用來煮湯用于輔助治療瘧疾
。
控制血糖﹕
苦瓜一條﹐ 榨汁﹐ 飯前服用。每日三次。
有報導關於減 肥 ﹕每天
生吃苦瓜兩三條。
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Samples of formulae:
處方舉例﹕
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Modern Research:
現代研究﹕
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Toxicity & Caution:
毒素與禁忌﹕
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Not to use in cases of pregnancies. The juice of the
plant appears to have abortive effect.
The plant and fruit are
high
in potassium. It may not be suitable for
shenyangxu (kidney
yang deficient) type of body.
Also see potassium.
It may enhance the effect of blood sugar lowering medicine.
Reports of concentrated extract of an active ingredient,
"qingzhisu" has cause death from malnutrition.
懷孕婦人忌用。含有大
量之鉀鹽，
腎陽虛
患者不適用。
有報導說， 有用清脂素導致死亡事件。清脂素是苦瓜有效成
份之一。
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