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ru xiang 乳香 (in English and Chinese 中英文) Edited by: Joe Hing kwok Chu Pharmaceutical name: 英文藥名﹕ | Gummi Olibanum | Botanical name: 學名﹕ | Pistacia lentiscus, L.; Boswellia carteri, Bird. | Pron. in Japanese: 日語發音﹕ | nyuko | Pron. in Korean: 韓語發音﹕ | yuhyang | Pron. in Cantonese: 粵音﹕ | jyu5 heong1 | Other Names: 別名﹕ | sheng ru xiang, xun lu xiang | Common Name: 英文名﹕ | Frankincense Carterii, mastic | Distribution: 產地﹕ | East Africa and Arabia | Properties (characteristics)﹕ 性味﹕ | acrid, bitter, warm. 辛，苦，温。 | Channels (meridians) entered: 歸經﹕ | heart, liver, spleen. 入心， 肝，脾經。 | | Medical functions: 藥理﹕ | 1 analgesic effect: the analgesic effect of the essential oil is mainly by the n-octyl acetate.
2 anti-inflammatory antiseptic effect: ru xiang can promote the increase of multi-core white blood cells to swallow the dead cells and dead blood cells, improve metabolism, which in turn has anti-inflammatory effect. 1.鎮痛作用：揮發油中的鎮痛主要成為乙酸正辛酯。
2.消炎防腐作用：乳香能促進多核白血球增加，以吞噬死亡的血球及細胞，改善新陳代謝，從而起消炎作用。 | Actions & Indications: 主治﹕ | Improves circulation, repairs muscle, as resolvent. Being used in : pain due to blood clots, spastic muscle, carbuncles, gum bleeding, gingivitis, rheumatoid arthritis, cirrhosis of liver, amenorrhea, physical injuries, ulcerated wounds not healing.
活血止痛，修復肌肉，是一種修復剤。
用於﹕ 血瘀疼痛, 筋脈拘攣, 生瘡, 牙根出血﹐ 齒齦炎, 胸脅疼痛, 風濕痺痛,症瘕積聚, 經閉, 跌打損傷, 瘡瘍潰破久不收口。
| Chemical ingredients: 化學成份﹕ | resin 60～70%; main ingredients: | 樹脂60～70% ; 主要成分为: | free α-, β一boswellic acid 33% | 游离α-、β一乳香脂酸33% | bound boswellic acid 1.5 % | 结合乳香脂酸1.5 % | olibanoresene 33% | 乳香樹脂烃33% | rubber 27～35% | 樹胶27～35% | calcium salt and magnesium salt of arabic acid: 20%，Bassorin 6%； | 阿糖酸 的钙盐和镁盐20%，西黄芪胶粘 素6%； | | | bitter 0.5% | 苦味质0.5%。 | essential oil is light yellow in color and fragrant, contains: | 揮 發油呈淡黄 色，有芳香，含: | Pinene, Dipentene , α-、β一Phellandrene , o- cresol, (the neutral portion contains α-amyrone, α-amyrinone, the derivatives of α-，β-amyrin, and also contains viridiflorol , insensole, insensole oxide | 蒎烯、消旋一 柠檬烯 及α-、β一水芹烯 ，其主要的芳香成分未明。及其衍生物和间甲基酚 , 中性部分含α-、β-香樹脂素 的衍生物如α-香樹脂酮 α-amyrone, α-amyrinone 尚含绿花白千层醇 、乳香萜烯 及氧化乳香萜烯 | the rubber mainly contains: | 樹胶主要含: | polysaccharide, from which polysaccharide II has been isolated; arabinose , galactose, uronic acid, polysaccharide Ⅱ,After hydrolysis,uronic and galactose were obtained. Volatile oil in acetic acid octyl ester octyl acetate accounted for 92.46%, bornyl acetate of about 1.4%, 0.22% elemene, | 多聚糖，分离得多聚糖I ,水解得阿拉伯糖、半乳糖及糖醛酸 ；多聚糖Ⅱ ,水解得糖醛及半乳糖。揮發油中乙酸正辛酯 octyl acetate 占92.46％，乙酸龙脑酯约1.4％，榄香烯0.22％ ， | β-phellandrene | β-水芹烯 等 |
| Dosage: 用量﹕ | 3 ~ 9 g | Samples of formulae: 處方舉例﹕ | For treatment of impact injuries: ru xiang, mo yao, 4.5 g each, dang gui tail, hong hua, tao ren 9 g each. Boil with water and use as tea. ⑤ 治跌扑折傷筋骨 《李念先手集》：乳香，真沒 藥各一錢五分，當 歸尾，紅花，桃仁各三錢。
水煎服。 | Modern Research: 現代研究﹕ | | Toxicity & Cautions: 毒素與禁忌﹕ | not to use in cases of pixu (spleen deficient) or in cases of pregnancies. 懷孕期間或 脾虛者 忌服。 |
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The following will be translated. If
you need them in a hurry, you can email our research librarian . 乳香來源於橄欖科植物卡氏乳香樹及同屬植物滲出的油膠樹脂。主要靠進口，屬常用中藥，具有活血止痛,消腫生肌之功。個別 不法藥商為了牟取暴利，將別 的植物樹脂 或澱粉類物質摻入其中，外觀與正品乳香極相似。現將兩者做一比較，以供參考。
一,性狀鑒別 ：正品呈乳頭狀,淚滴狀顆粒或不規則的小塊，長 0.5～2cm，有的粘成團塊。淡黃色或牙白色，半透明，有光澤，久置色變深，呈棕黃色。質硬 而脆，斷面蠟樣，少數呈玻璃樣光澤。嚼之初成小碎塊，迅即軟化成膠塊，粘牙齒，微有香辣感。
偽品呈卵圓形，或由無數個類圓形大小不等的小顆粒粘在一起，而呈不規則的團塊狀，長0.5～1.8cm，淡黃白色，不透明。質硬，斷面顆粒狀，無光澤。嚼之有 砂粒感，微有玉米香味。
二,理化鑒別 ：
1。取粉末少許，置紫外光燈下(波長365nm)觀察，呈淡黃色熒光。偽品無熒光。
2。取本品90％的乙醇液少許，滴於濾紙上，在紫外光燈下觀察呈亮鮮黃色熒光。偽品為淺黃色熒光。
3。正品加水適量，煮沸片刻，呈黃白色乳濁液，放置過夜不分層，滴加碘液無變化。偽品呈類白色的混懸液，放置過夜出現分層，滴加碘液後上層液變藍。
4。各取粗粉1g，分別 放入兩試管中，加醋酐10ml，振搖。乳香呈粘稠狀並粘貼於管壁。微熱，放冷後加濃硫酸1滴，正品由紫紅色變為褐色，最終成為黑褐色 。偽品加醋酐後有白色沉澱，微熱，放冷後加濃硫酸1滴，呈紫色，漸變為綠色，但白色沉澱物不染色。
5。取體積相等的正偽品各1小塊，於酒精燈上燃燒，至無煙為止。正品僅殘留少量的白色灰；偽品卻與燃燒前的體積基本相等，為黑色炭塊，並有焦糊氣味。
劉翠昌
中國中醫藥報
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