Pharmaceutical name:
英文藥名﹕
|
Radix Cynanchi bungei |
Botanical name:
學名﹕
|
Cynanchum
bungei Decne (戟葉牛皮消)
Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight (耳
葉牛皮消)
Cynanchum
wilfordii( Maxim.) Hemsl (隔山牛皮消)
|
Japanese Name:
日語﹕
|
yahazuikema |
Pron. in Korean:
韓語發音﹕
|
baek shu ngo |
Pron. in Cantonese::
粵音﹕
|
baak6 sau2 wu1 |
Other Names:
別名﹕
|
ge shan xiao 隔山消、bai he
wu 白何烏、bai he shou wu 白何首烏、ge shan qiao 隔山撬、bai mu xiang 白木香、ye fan shu
野蕃薯、yi zhong san xiao 一腫三消、he pin shen 和平參、shan hua qi 山花旗、zhang guo lao
張果老 |
Common Name:
英文名﹕
|
Auriculate Swallowwort Root, Bunge Auriculate
Root |
Distribution:
產地﹕
|
Easter and middle southern part of China, and
also in Hebei, Shaanxi, Gansu, Taiwan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan princes.
Also cultivated in Shandong and Jiangsu provinces of China.
分佈華東、中南及河北、陜西、甘肅、台灣、四川、貴州、雲南等地。山東、江蘇有栽培。
|
Properties
(characteristics)﹕
性味﹕
|
bitter, sweet, astringent.
味苦,甘,澀。
|
Channels (meridians) entered:
歸經﹕
|
liver, kidney, spleen, stomach.
肝,腎,脾,胃。
|
Medical functions:
藥理﹕
|
-
Effect of regulating immune system.
-
Anti injury caused by oxidation and anti aging.
-
Promotes hair growth
-
Protects liver
-
Lowering blood lipids
-
Effect of preventing and treating tumors
-
免疫調節作用:白首烏總磷脂200mg/kg灌胃,能提高正常小鼠末梢血α-醋酸萘酯酶(ANAE)陽
性淋巴細胞比值及絕對數,對由環磷酰胺引起的α-醋酸萘酯酶陽性淋巴細胞比值和絕對數下降也有預防或治療作用。白首烏C21甾體酯甙50、200mg/kg
灌胃,連續10天,對環磷酰胺引起的小鼠脾抗體分泌細胞減少,牛血清白蛋白引起的遲髮型超敏反應的降低,胸腺、脾臟的減重均有對抗作用。
-
抗臭氧損傷:白首烏粉60mg/只灌胃,連續12天,對臭氧造成小鼠肺終末細支氣管上皮脫落伴增
生,肝損傷,胸腺、脾臟萎縮等類似衰老的變化,均有減輕的作用。白首烏粉60mg/只灌胃,連續20天,對臭氧造成的60日齡小鼠體重減輕、體溫下降
、體力減弱、禦寒能力降低,肝、腦、肺過氧化脂質增多,腦單胺氧化酶-B(MAO-B)活性增強等指標,均有明顯改善,證明白首烏有抗自由基損傷及抗
衰老作用。
-
促進毛發生長作用
-
對肝臟的保護作用
-
降血脂作用
-
防治腫瘤作用
|
Actions & Indications:
主治﹕
|
taking orally: in decoction, 6 to 12 g, or take
in powder or pill form.
口服:煎湯,6~12克,或入丸,散。
|
Chemical ingredients:
化學成份﹕[1]
|
1.牛皮消 塊根中含較高的磷脂(phospholipid)
成分[1]和c21甾體酯戟(C21 steroid ester glycoside)[21]。從總甙中已分離出隔山消甙(wilfoside)C3N、C1N、C1G、K1N和
牛皮消甙(cynauricuoside)A、B、C [3]以及蘿藦胺(gagamine)[4],牛皮消素(caudatin),蘿藦甙元(metaplexigenin)
,12-O-桂皮酰基去酰蘿藦甙元(kidiolanin)等4個甙元[4.5]。還含白首烏二苯酮(baishouwubenzophenone)[6]。
另含人體所需的全部氨基酸,其中谷氨酸(glutamic acid),天冬氨酸(aspartic acid)和精氨酸(argi-nine)的含量最
高;並含豐富的維生素,尤以B族的含量為高;還含較高的磷、鉀、銅、鋯、硒等無機元素[6]。
2.戟葉牛皮消 (Cynanchum bungei Decne )根含羥基苯乙酮為甙元的甙類成分:戟 葉牛皮消甙(bungeisid)A、B、C、D;
還含4-羥基苯乙酮(4-hydroxy-acetophenone),2,4-二羥基苯乙酮(2,4-dihydroxyacetophenone),
布盧門醇(blumenol)A,左旋的春日菊醇(leucanthemitol),7-O-葡萄糖基甘草甙元(7-O- glucosylliquiritigenin)
,β-谷甾醇葡萄糖甙(β-sitosterol glucoside)[7]以及磷脂成分[1]。 |
Dosage:
用量﹕
|
3 ~ 30 g
3 ~ 30 克。 |
Samples of formulae:
處方舉例﹕
|
|
Modern Research:
現代研究﹕
|
According to a clinical study by the Skin Department
of the the Central Army Hospital, patients after drinking the water diluted
juice of bai shou wu, after 6 weeks, the white hair of 70% of the patients
turned black, 50 % of those with bald head grew new hair.
三軍總醫院皮膚科最近完成
以中藥白首烏萃取液的臨床研究,加水稀釋 後給受試者服用,六周後,七成白髮者髮
色變黑、五成禿頭患者還長出新毛。
|
Toxicity & Cautions:
毒素與禁忌﹕
|
|
環磷酰胺(Cyclophosphamide,CTX)(Cytoxan®,
Neosar®, Cytoxan®, Procytox®)是一種烷化劑。單獨使用或與其它藥物聯合使用,用來治療多種惡性腫瘤。