Pharmaceutical name:
英文藥名﹕
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Semen Ricinui communis |
Botanical name:
學名﹕
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Ricinus communis L. |
Pron. in Japanese:
日語發音﹕
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himashi |
Pron. in Korean:
韓語發音﹕
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pi-ma-ja |
Pron. in Cantonese:
粵音﹕
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bei6 maa4 ci2 |
Other Names:
別名﹕
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hong ma 紅麻,cao ma 草麻,ba ma zi 八麻子,niu bi
牛蓖。 |
Common Name:
英文名﹕
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castor bean |
Distribution:
產地﹕
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Properties
(characteristics)﹕
性味﹕
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bitter, acrid, neutral, toxic. 甘,辛,平,有
毒。
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Channels (meridians) entered:
歸經﹕
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liver, spleen, lung. 肝,脾,肺。
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Medical functions:
藥理﹕
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Actions
& Indications:
主治﹕
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for
treatment of abscess, tuberculosis of lymph nodes of the neck, acute
and
chronic pharyngitis, edema, ascites, constipation.
Leaves
are toxic; being used in beriberi, nose bleeding and cough with
phlegm
and asthma.
治癰疽腫
毒,瘰疬 (頸部淋巴結結核),喉痺 (急.慢性咽炎),疥癩癬瘡,
水腫腹滿
,大便燥結。
蓖麻葉:
有毒,能治腳氣風腫,止鼻血,亦治痰喘咳嗽
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Chemical
ingredients:
化學成份﹕
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脂肪油(蓖麻油) (fat, castor oil),油中含順蓖麻酸(ricinoleic acid),
亞油酸 (linoleic acid),油酸(fatty acid)等,并含蓖麻毒蛋白D(ricin D),
酸性毒蛋白(acid ricin),堿性毒蛋白(basic ricin),蓖麻堿(ricinine),
芹菜甙元(apigenin),綠原酸(chlorogenic acid),蕓香甙(rutin)等。
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Dosage:
用量﹕
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Usually
not used in decoction. Being used in pills or powder form.
For
adult: 1.5~5g (stir fried semen).
External
application: use appropriate amount.
成人:1.5~5g(
炒)不入煎剤。一般入丸散; 外用適量。
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Samples of formulae:
處方舉例﹕
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Modern
Research:
現代研究﹕
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Toxicity & Cautions:
毒素與禁忌﹕
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The estimated lethal dose in man is 1 mg/kg:
(Kopferschmitt, 1983). Two to four seeds may cause severe
poisoning in an adult, and 8 are generally fatal (Wedin; 1986),
Hardin, 1974).
If seeds are swallowed without chewing, poisoning is unlikely.
Children: One to three seeds can be fatal to a child (Weding, 1986).
Poisoning reaction: intense gastroenteritis and acute dehydration.
Renal and hepatic insufficiency have been reported.
[1]致死量為 1mg/kg. 成人服2~4 粒蓖麻籽能致嚴重中毒。八粒常致死。
致死量為 1mg/kg. 成人服2~4 粒蓖麻籽能致嚴重中毒。八粒常致死。
如果隻吞服沒咬爛較不可能中毒。小兒服3粒可能致命。
中毒反應:嚴重腸胃炎。有報導有致肝與腎功能不足。
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