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bi ma zi 蓖麻子

by: Joe Hing kwok Chu

Pharmaceutical name:

英文藥名﹕

Semen Ricinui communis

Botanical name:

學名﹕

Ricinus communis L.

Pron. in Japanese:

日語發音﹕

himashi

Pron. in Korean:

韓語發音﹕

pi-ma-ja

Pron. in Cantonese:

粵音﹕

bei6 maa4 ci2

Other Names:

別名﹕

hong ma 紅麻,cao ma 草麻,ba ma zi 八麻子,niu bi 牛蓖。

Common Name:

英文名﹕

castor bean

Distribution:

產地﹕

 

Properties

(characteristics)﹕

性味﹕

bitter, acrid, neutral, toxic.

甘,辛,平,有 毒。

Channels (meridians) entered:

歸經﹕

liver, spleen, lung.

肝,脾,肺。

Medical functions:

藥理﹕

 

 

Actions & Indications:

主治﹕

for treatment of abscess, tuberculosis of lymph nodes of the neck, acute

and chronic pharyngitis, edema, ascites, constipation.

Leaves are toxic; being used in beriberi, nose bleeding and cough with

phlegm and asthma.

治癰疽腫 毒,瘰疬 (頸部淋巴結結核),喉痺 (急.慢性咽炎),疥癩癬瘡,

水腫腹滿 ,大便燥結。

蓖麻葉: 有毒,能治腳氣風腫,止鼻血,亦治痰喘咳嗽
 

Chemical ingredients:

化學成份﹕

脂肪油(蓖麻油) (fat, castor oil),油中含順蓖麻酸(ricinoleic acid),

亞油酸 (linoleic acid),油酸(fatty acid)等,并含蓖麻毒蛋白D(ricin D),

酸性毒蛋白(acid ricin),堿性毒蛋白(basic ricin),蓖麻堿(ricinine),

芹菜甙元(apigenin),綠原酸(chlorogenic acid),蕓香甙(rutin)等。

Dosage:

用量﹕

Usually not used in decoction. Being used in pills or powder form.

 For adult: 1.5~5g (stir fried semen).

External application: use appropriate amount.

成人:1.5~5g( 炒)不入煎剤。一般入丸散; 外用適量。

Samples of formulae:

處方舉例﹕

 

Modern Research:

現代研究﹕

 

Toxicity & Cautions:

毒素與禁忌﹕

The estimated lethal dose in man is 1 mg/kg: 
 (Kopferschmitt, 1983).  Two to four seeds may cause severe 
poisoning in an adult, and 8 are  generally  fatal (Wedin; 1986), 
Hardin, 1974). 
If seeds are swallowed  without chewing, poisoning is unlikely.
Children: One to three seeds can be fatal to a child (Weding, 1986).
Poisoning reaction: intense gastroenteritis and acute dehydration.  
Renal and hepatic insufficiency have been reported.
 
[1]致死量為 1mg/kg. 成人服2~4 粒蓖麻籽能致嚴重中毒。八粒常致死。
致死量為 1mg/kg. 成人服2~4 粒蓖麻籽能致嚴重中毒。八粒常致死。
如果隻吞服沒咬爛較不可能中毒。小兒服3粒可能致命。
中毒反應:嚴重腸胃炎。有報導有致肝與腎功能不足。

 

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Last update: July 29, 2010,  3:32 p.m. LAH