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can dou 蠶豆
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in English and Chinese 中英文)
by: Joe Hing kwok Chu
朱興國編
譯
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Pharmaceutical name:
英文藥名﹕
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Semen Viciae fabae |
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Botanical name:
拉丁生物學名﹕
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Vicia faba L. |
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Pron. in Japanese:
日語發音﹕
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yamatomame, toumame, natsumame,
utsukimame, satsukimame, amame, yukiwarimame, fuyumame |
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Pron. in Korean:
韓語發音﹕
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jamdu |
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Pron. in Cantonese::
粵音﹕
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caam4 dau6 |
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Other Names:
別名﹕
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Other Names:
| fo dou (Buddha bean) |
佛豆 |
| hu dou (foreigner bean) |
胡豆 |
| nan dou (southern bean) |
南豆 |
| ma chi dou (horse tooth bean) |
馬齒豆 |
| shu dou (pointing up bean) |
豎豆 |
| xian dou (angel bean) |
仙豆 |
| han dou (cold bean) |
寒豆 |
| wan dou |
灣豆 |
| lou fan dou |
羅泛豆 |
| xia dou (summer bean) |
夏豆 |
| da dou (from a dialect of Yan Qing) |
大豆（延慶方言） |
| lan hua dou (orchid bean) |
蘭花豆 |
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Common Name:
英文名﹕
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broad bean, horse bean, fava bean. |
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Distribution:
產地﹕
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Properties
characteristics﹕
性味﹕
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sweet, acrid, neutral. 甘，辛，平。 |
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Channels meridians entered:
歸經﹕
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heart, spleen, stomach. 心，脾，胃。 |
| Medical functions:
藥理﹕
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Medical function:
There are some people (men and kids, especially) after ingestion of
broad beans or inhalation of its pollen , may result in acute hemolytic
anemia, with symptoms of hemoglobinuria, shock, fatigue, dizziness,
gastrointestinal disorders and increased urinary excretion of bile
pigment. In more severe cases, pallor, jaundice, vomiting, back pain,
weakness may happen. After eating raw beans, generally 5 to 24 hours,
symptoms may occur; but sometimes eating the beans that have been stir
fried may also occur. Inhalation of its pollen, the attack can occur
faster.
Causes of of the sickness (favism):
- A small percentage of the population have a congenital biochemical
defect, that is, its blood cells lack of glucose 6 - phosphate
dehydrogenase, and thus its reduced form of glutathione content is
very low, in the fava bean cicine invasion, may cause blood cell lysis.
- Mixing cicine of the fava bean in food (1%) feeding to chicks or
rats can inhibit their natural growth. Some people also believe that,
in addition fava bean cicine, there are other factors can also
cause a similar hemolysis.
- The root contains serotonin - uracil, as a metabolic antagonist,
and contains 2,6 - diamine purine, can inhibit lactic acid bacteria.
Such inhibition can be reversed by adenosine. These substances can
make the bone marrow depletion, and hurt the dog and rat colon,
jejunum epithelium. It is a kind of carcinogens.
- DAP's role is not through the pentose nucleic acids. It is the
interference of adenosine, guanidine basic metabolic functions.
【藥理作用】極少數人(男小孩較多)在食入蠶豆或吸入其花粉後，可發生急性溶血性貧血，症狀有血色素尿、休克、乏力、眩暈，胃腸紊亂及尿膽素的排泄增加；更重者有蒼白、黃疸、嘔吐、腰痛、衰弱。一般吃生蠶豆後5～24小時後即發生，但有時食炒熱的也可發生。如系吸入其花粉，則發作更快。
發生蠶豆黃病的原因，是少數人有一種先天性的生化缺陷，即其血細胞中缺乏葡萄糖-6-磷酸脫氫酶，因而其還原型的谷胱甘肽含量也很低，在巢菜鹼甙侵入後，可發生血細胞溶解。將巢菜鹼甙混於食物中(1%)飼喂大鼠或小雞可抑制其自然生長。有人還認為，除巢菜鹼甙外，蠶豆中還有其他因子也能引起類似的溶血作用。根含5羥-尿嘧啶，為一種代謝拮抗劑，並含有2，6-二胺嘌呤，可抑制乳酸杆菌，此種抑制可被腺甙所翻轉；上述物質可使骨髓耗竭，並傷害犬及大鼠結腸、空腸的上皮細胞，是-種致癌物質。DAP之作用並非通過戊糖核酸，而是由於干擾了腺甙、胍的基本代謝功能所致。
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Actions & Indications:
主治﹕
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fatigue
and short of breath, loose stool and diarrhea, edema from heart or
kidney disease, difficulty in urination.
Pods,
flowers and leaves are being used in arresting bleeding.
Flowers
are also being used in lowering blood pressure.
倦怠少氣，腹瀉便溏，心臟病水腫，腎臟病水腫，小便不通。
蠶豆莢，花，葉用於止血用。
花用於降血壓。 |
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Chemical ingredients:[1]
化學成份﹕[1]
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Chemical ingredients:
| The seeds contain: |
種子含： |
| lecithin |
卵磷脂 |
| phosphatidyl ethanolamine |
磷脂酰乙醇胺 |
| phosphatidyl inositol |
磷脂酰肌醇 |
| galactosyl diglyceride |
半乳糖基甘油二酯 |
| Also contain: |
尚含: |
| phosphatide |
磷脂 |
| choline |
膽鹼 |
| pipecolic acid |
哌啶-2-酸 |
| putrescine |
腐胺 |
| spermidine |
精味 |
| spermine |
精胺 |
| norspermine |
去甲精胺 |
| ascorbic acid |
抗壞血酸 |
| cicine |
巢菜鹼甙 |
| convicine |
伴巢菜鹼甙 |
| Roots contain: |
根含： |
| fumaric acid |
延胡索酸 |
| betulin |
白樺脂醇 |
| D-glyceric acid |
D-甘油酸 |
| poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid |
聚β-羥基丁酸 |
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Daly Dosage:
每日用量﹕
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15 -30 g |
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Samples of formulae:
處方舉例﹕
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For treatment of edema: can dou 60 g,
dong gua pi 60 g. Boil with water and take
orally. 治水腫：蠶豆二兩，冬瓜皮二兩，水煎服。 |
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Modern Research:
現代研究﹕
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Toxicity & Cautions:
毒素與禁忌﹕
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Those with family history of favism ( lack of lack of glucose 6 - phosphate dehydrogenase) should not eat
fava beans. Those with
spleen deficient
should not eat too much.
蠶豆一定要煮熟後才能食用。有蠶豆病及有蠶豆病家族發病史的人(缺乏葡萄糖-6-磷酸脫氫酶者），忌食蠶豆。
脾虛者應少食。
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[1]
《Zhong
Hua Ben Cao 中華本草 》
[2] Commonly Used Herb Medicine Edition
《民間常用草藥匯編》
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