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Last update: Dec 16, 2012,  9 p.m. LAH

 

 

Tán Xiāng 檀香  (in English and Chinese)
 (chk code)

Translated by: Joe Hing kwok Chu

Pharmaceutical name:

英文藥名﹕

Lignum Santali albi

Botanical name:

拉丁生物學名﹕

Santalum album L.

Pron. in Japanese:

日語發音﹕

dan kō

Pron. in Korean:

韓語發音﹕

danheong

Pron. in Cantonese::

粵音﹕

taan4 hoeng1

Other Names:

別名﹕

zhan tan

旃檀

bai tan

白檀

tan xiang mu

檀香木

zhen tan

真檀

Common Name:

外文名﹕

sandalwood

Distribution:

產地﹕

Australia, Indonesia, and South Asia. It also has been introduced into Taiwan, Guangdong, Hainan, Yunnan Provinces of China.

澳大利亞、印度尼西亞和南亞等地。中國的台灣、廣東、海南、雲南等省也有引種。

Properties

(characteristics)﹕

性味﹕

acrid, warm.

辛; 溫
 

Channels (meridians) entered:

 

歸經﹕

spleen, stomach, lung.

脾,胃,肺。

Medical functions:

藥理﹕

 

Medical functions:

Enhances gastric peristalsis,

Promote secretion of digestive juices.

Antibacterial effect of the evaporation oilis not strong, of Salmonella typhi phenol coefficient in 0.1 below.

Can relieve ineffective cough; overdose

can cause stomach, kidney, and skin irritation.

diuretic effect: for difficulty in urination, can improve symptoms. Rats that were fed the herb of 0.5-2g/kg, caused the number urinary tract Staphylococcus aureus growth to be reduced by 60%. Inhibitory

concentration of sandalwood oil :1:64000 to 1: 128000 can be effective on Shigella;

concentration of the evaporating oil of 1:32000 can inhibit bird Mycobacterium tuberculosis ,

no effect on E. coli.

The evaporating oil can  cause paralysis of the small intestine in vitro of rabbit

The evaporating oil can irritate rabbit ear skin

The evaporating oil of α-,β-santalol is neuroleptic, possesses  tranquilizing effect.[1]

藥理﹕

增強胃腸蠕動

促進消化液的分泌

檀香油之抗菌作用不強,對傷寒杆菌之酚系數在0.1以下

能減輕無效的咳嗽;

過量可引起胃、腎、皮膚刺激。

檀香油有利尿作用。用於小便困難,可改善症狀。對大鼠飼喂0.5-2g/kg,數日後,可使尿路中金黃色葡萄球菌的生長減少60%。

檀香油的抑菌濃度為1 :64000-1:128000,對痢疾杆菌亦有效;

1:32000 濃度對鳥型結核杆菌有抑制作用

對大腸杆菌無作用

麻痺離體兔小腸

對兔耳皮膚有刺激作用

 

Actions & Indications:

主治﹕

行氣;散寒;止痛。主胸腹脹痛,霍亂吐瀉,噎膈吐食,寒疝腹痛及腫毒。
 

Chemical ingredients:

化學成份﹕

Chemical ingredients:化學成份﹕

The core contains evaporating oil of 3-5%

心材含揮發油(白檀油)3-5%。

Santene

檀萜烯

α-,β-Santalene

、α-檀香萜烯和β-檀香花烯

Santenone

檀萜烯酮

Santenone alcohol

檀萜烯酮醇

α-,β-santalol

α-,β-白檀油烯醇 (檀香腦)

Santalic acid

檀香萜酸

Teresantalicacid

檀油酸

Santal aldehyde

紫檀萜醛

The core of branches and roots contain evaporation oil of 1.6-6%

枝和根的心材含揮發油(白檀油)1.6%-6%

The main ingredients of evaporating oil is α-,β-santalo, up to 90%

揮發油的主成分為α-及β-檀香醇(l),達90%以上

α-,β-santalene

α-及β-檀香烯

santene

檀烯

α-santenone

檀萜酮

α-santenol

α-檀萜醇

santalone

檀香酮

(santalic acid

檀香酸

teresantalic acid

檀油酸

isovaleraldehyde

異戊醛

teresantalol

檀油醇

tricycloekasantal

三環准檀香醛

santalin

檀香色素

deoxysantalin

去氧檀香色素

sinapyl aldehyde

銀槭醛

coniferyl aldehyde,ferulaldehyde

松柏醛(阿魏醛)

syringic aldehyde

紫丁香醛

vanillin

香莢醛

Daly Dosage:

每日用量﹕

Oral dose: in decoction 1.5-3 g. The herb should be added during the 5 minutes of cooking.

內服: 煎湯, 1.5-3 g,最後5分鐘才加入;或入丸、散。外用:適量,磨汁塗。
 

Samples of formulae:

處方舉例﹕

For pain in the chest and abdomen area with weak and strong syndromes

Name of formula: Dan Shen Yin

Composition:

dan shen 30 g, tan xiang 4.5 g, sha ren 4.5 g.  Boil with water and use as tea.

 

For pain in chest and abdomen area with cold syndromes

Composition: tan xiang 9 g. (make into fine powder).  Make decoction with gan jiang 15 g. Mix with tan xiang powder and take orally.

 

For gout and swelling

Name of formula: tan xiang yin

Composition:tan xiang 0.3 g, chen xiang 0.3 g, bing lang one piece (whole fruit)

Grind the individual herb in a coarse bowl (or any hard coarse surface). Filter off the sediment. Boil with water in a ceramic ware. Make into 3 servings. Take orally.

 

丹參飲 《醫學金針》

治心腹諸痛,屬半虛半實者

丹 參一兩,白檀香、砂仁各一錢半。水煎服。

 

治心腹冷痛:白檀香三錢 (為極細末),以乾薑五錢泡湯調下。

 

治噎膈飲食不入:白檀香一錢五分,茯苓橘紅各二錢。俱為極細末,人參湯調下。

 

檀香飲 《聖濟總錄》

解惡毒風腫:白檀香、沉香各一塊,重一分,檳榔一枚。上三味各於砂盆中以水三盞細磨取盡,濾去滓,銀石銚內煎沸,候溫,分作三服。

Modern Research:

現代研究﹕

 

Toxicity & Cautions:

毒素與禁忌﹕

Not to be used in case of yinxu (yin deficient) with heat, or spitting blood or nose bleeding due to strong heat.

陰虛火盛, 實熱吐衄者,勿用之。
 

品質標志 《中華人民共和國藥典》1995年版規定:本品含揮發油不得少於3.0%。含水份不得過12.0%。
[1]
1995 Oct;2(2):119-26. doi: 10.1016/S0944-7113(11)80056-5.
 

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