Pharmaceutical name:

英文藥名：

Rhizoma Curcuma xanthorrhizae

Biological name:

拉丁學名：

Curcuma xanthorrhiza  Roxb.

Curcuma zanthorrhiza Roxb., nom. illeg.

Pron. in Cantonese:

daai6 goeng1 wong4

Common Name:

普通名稱﹕

English: giant curcuma, false turmeric,

Indonesian: temu lawak, temulawak, Malay: temulawas

Tagalog: dilaw, dilao

Distribution:

產地﹕

India, southern part of China, Africa and  south east Asia

印度﹐中國南部﹐非洲﹐東南亞。

Properties (characteristics)﹕

性味﹕

acrid, bitter, aromatic, slightly sweet

辛﹐苦﹐香﹐略甜。

Channels (meridians) entered:

歸經﹕

liver, spleen and lung

肝﹐脾﹐肺經。

Actions & Indications:

主治：

Medical Functions﹕

藥理:

Medical Functions﹕

1. anti inflammatory,[13]

2. anti coagulation of blood cells,

3. cholagogues (promotes bile secretion),

4. lactagogues (promoting the flow of breast milk)

5. glucose lowering activity in diabetic rats

6. antifungal

7. antibacterial:  xanthorrizol can inhibit  Staphylococcus Aureus (SA) and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

8. Inhibits foodborne pathogens. Bacillus cereus, Clostridium perfringens, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus

9. protects liver, lowering AST and  ALT [4}[9]

10. can cause contraction of the uterus.

11. anti oxidant [4}

12. anti tumor [5}

13. lowers the concentrations of serum triglycerides and phospholipids, and liver cholesterol, and increased serum HDL-cholesterol and Apolipoprotein A-1 (Apo A-1) [1]  [5]

14. inhibiting beta-amyloid  (Abeta) in Alzheimer's patients

15. inhibits lymphocytic cells of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

16. inhibits fibrosis of lung tissues

17. anti-metastatic potential in experimental mouse lung metastasis model [6]

18. the methanol extract of this herb possesses cancer chemopreventive potential.[7]

19. activating T and B cell-mediated immune functions.[8]

20. combined xanthorrhizol-curcumin exhibits synergistic growth inhibitory activity via apoptosis induction in human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231. [10]

21. Curcuma xanthorrhiza ethanolic extract showed peripheral and central antinociceptive activity
    associated with neurogenic pain [11]

Chemical ingredients:

化學成份：

1.  volatile oil (6-11%): (a) 1-cyclo-isoprene myrcene (up to 85%); (b) an aromatic sesquiterpene phenol , xanthorrhizol, (up to. 20% )   (not found in jiang huang (C. longa)), camphor, isofurano - germacrone, cineole, borneol .

2.  curcuminoids : curcumin 62% and demethoxycurcumin 38%.

3.  starch (30-40%)

1. 揮發油（6-11％）：(a)1-環-異戊 二烯月桂烯(高達 85％); (b)芳 香倍半萜烯酚，束骨薑黃素(高 達20％)(在薑黃中沒發現存在)，樟 腦，異氟烷 - 牻牛兒酮 (吉馬酮)， 按油精，冰 片.。

2. 薑黃素：薑黃素62％，脫甲氧基薑黃素38％。

3. 澱粉（30-40％）。

Dosage﹕

劑量:

fresh root: 3 ~ 9 grams, graded,

Dried root: 1 ~ 5 grams

Boil briefly to avoid losing the essential oil. Take before meals for improving digestion.

鮮品﹕ 3~9 克 (切碎)

乾藥材﹕1 ~ 5 克。

不可久煎以免損失揮發油。飯前服用﹐以幫助消化。

Samples of formulae﹕

藥方舉例:

For pimples: shu gu jiang huang 3 g, fresh tamarind 10 g. Put in a pre warmed cup and add boiling water. Cover and let stand for 10 minutes. Use as tea every morning. Eat plenty of vegetable and fruit and avoid fatty food.

治粉刺﹕束 骨薑黃3克﹐鮮羅望子10克﹐加入沸水中。收火。加蓋。置之10分鐘。每天早上當茶喝 。吃多量蔬菜﹐避免肥油。

More to upload.

Modern Research:

Xanthorrhizol, an active ingredient, has an anti-metastatic potential in experimental mouse lung metastasis model [6]

本品有效成份之一，束骨薑黃素，有對 抗試驗小鼠肺癌擴散之潛能。

Cautions﹕

禁忌﹕

Do not use

1. during pregnancy;  (may cause uterus contraction)

2.  if there is a bile duct obstruction. (it can increase bile secretion and may create inflammation)

3. with gallbladder disease as it will increase the flow of bile, creating a possible flare-up.

4. on those on blood-thinning medications (it has blood thinning effect). It possesses a strong anti-coagulation effect. So this herb may not suitable to use with anti-coagulants like Aspirin, heparin or warfarin (Athrombin-K, Carfin, Coumadin, Panwarfin, Sofarin, Warfilone).

Long term large quantity usage may produce stomach ulcer.

1. 懷孕期 間 (因能引起子宮收縮)

2. 膽管阻 塞(因為能增加膽汁﹐可能引起發炎)

3. 膽囊毛 病

4. 用抗 凝血性的化合物 。束骨薑黃 本身已有抗凝血作 用 。不應與抑制 凝血西 药如阿 斯匹林 Aspirin (乙醯水楊酸)  華 法林或肝素warfarin (Athrombin-K, Carfin, Coumadin, Panwarfin, Sofarin, Warfilone)，heparin 等同用。