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shan nai  山奈

 

by: Joe Hing kwok Chu

Pharmaceutical name:

英文藥名﹕

Rhizoma Kaempferiae galangae

Biological name:

學名﹕

Kaempferia galanga Linn

Pron. in Japanese:

日語發音﹕

san na (山奈); banukon  (蕃鬱金)

Pron. in Korean:

韓語發音﹕

saeng gan (沙薑)

Pron. in Cantonese:

粵音﹕

saa1 goeng1 (sha jiang  沙薑.),

Other Names:

別名﹕

shan nai 山奈.﹐san nai  三奈  ﹐san nai zi  三奈子sha jiang  沙薑.fan yu jin 蕃鬱金

Common Name:

文名﹕

English:aromatic ginger, resurrection lily

Indonesian: kencur

Thai: proh horm, waan horm

Distribution:

產地﹕

Southeast Asia and southern parts of China.

分佈東南亞與華南各地。

Properties

(characteristics)﹕

性味﹕

acrid, warm.

味辛,性溫。

Channels (meridians) entered:

 

歸經﹕

stomach

胃經。

Medical functions:

藥理﹕

 

The active ingredient kaempferol:
  1. antibiotic effect: inhibits  Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Lactobacillus sp
  2. antifungus: Candida Albicans [1]
  3.  inhibits aldose reductase of eyes thus helps the treatment of the cataract of diabetic patients.
  4. arrest  cough; for treatment of bronchitis
  5. antimutagenic  properties:at concentration of 1×10-4mol/L, it inhibits the production of lymphatic cells.
  6. anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the production of nitric oxide [2]

山奈酚具有:

  1. 對黃色葡萄球菌及綠膿杆菌,傷寒杆菌,痢疾杆菌均有抑制作用。
  2. 抗霉菌作用:對抗白色念珠球菌有效。[1]
  3. 止咳治療支氣管炎。
  4. 抑酶抑制眼醛糖還原酶,有利於糖尿病白內障的治療。
  5. 具有誘變劑活性,當濃度為1×10-4mol/L時,可抑制淋巴細胞增殖。
  6. 抑制一氧化氮之生成而抑制發炎。[2]

Actions & Indications:

主治﹕

chest and abdomen paint, dysentery, tooth cavity and ache. Also use as spice in cooking.

Today it is being used in anti cancer, anti-pregnancy, anti epilepsy, anti inflammation, anti spasm, anti ulcer, promoting bile secretion, as diuretics, arresting cough.

心腹冷痛 , 寒濕霍亂 , 風蟲牙痛 。 亦作料理香料。

用於抗癌,抑制生育,抗癲癇,抗炎,抗氧化劑,解痙,抗潰瘍,利膽利尿劑,止咳。

Chemical ingredients:

化學成份﹕

The rhizome is also reported to display cytotoxic properties. (Chem. Pharm. Bull., 33, 3565, 1985). In the rhizomes of a related species, K. rotunda, a number of "cyclohexane diepoxides" (diepoxides of cyclohexa-1,3-diene) were found (Phytochemistry, 43, 305, 1996)
2.5 to 4% essential oil: 揮 發 油 2.5 ~ 4%:
ethyl cinnamate (25%)桂 皮 酸 乙 酯
ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate (30%)對 甲 氧 基 桂 皮 酸 乙 酯
p-methoxycinnamic acid對甲氧基肉桂酸
3-carene-5-one烯 - 3 - 5 - 1
Borneol
Camphene莰 烯
Carene-3烯 - 3
p-methoxystyrene對 甲 氧 基 蘇 合 香 烯
Kaempferol山 奈 酚
Kaempferide山 奈 素
  

Dosage:

用量﹕

10  to 20 g. Concentrated extract: 0.5 to 2 g.

10∼20克;濃縮中藥:0.52

Samples of formulae:

處方舉例﹕

For treatment of pain and cold abdomen: shan nei, ding xiang, dang gui, gan cao of equal portions; grind into powder and make into pills, size of soy beans. Take 39 pills each time with rice wine. (Pin Hu Ji Jian Fang)

治心腹冷痛:山柰,丁香當 歸甘草等分。為末,醋糊丸,梧子大(如黄豆大)。每服三十丸,酒下。(《瀕湖集簡方》

Modern Research:

現代研究﹕

anti-fungal activity

Cautions:

禁忌﹕

  • Not to use in case of yin deficient with yu huo  in stomach.

  • 陰虛

  • 胃有鬱火忌服。

    [1] Songklanakarin, J. Sci. Tehnol, 2005, 27 (suppl 2);  503- 507

    [2] Planta Med. 2006 Jan;72(1):68-71.

     

    参考《全國中草藥匯編.上冊》

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