chuan xin lian, Complementary and Alternative Healing University

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andrographis_paniculata.htm chuan_xin_lian.htm

chuan xin lian 穿心蓮

by: Joe Hing Kwok Chu

按此看穿心莲飲片圖 Click here to see picture of herb。

Pharmaceutical name:

英文藥名：

Herba andrographis paniculatae

Biological name:

拉丁名：

Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F.) Nees

Pron. in Japanese:

日語發音：

senhinren

Pron. in Korean:

韓語發音：

chonsimyon

Pron. in Cantonese:

粵語發音：

cyun1 sam1 lin4

Common Name:

英文名：

green chiretta

Distribution:

分布：

Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Yunnan, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi provinces

廣東，廣西，福建，云南，四川，江蘇，江西等省。

Properties (characteristics)

性味:

bitter, cold

苦，寒。

Channels (meridians) entered:

歸經：

lungs, large intestine, bladder

肺，大腸，膀胱。

Actions & Indications:

主治：

clear heat and toxins, cool blood, reduce swelling, for fever in influenza, swelling and pain in throat, boils in mouth and tongue, chronic cough, diarrhea, painful urination, snake bites

清熱去毒，凉血，消腫。用於感冒發熱，喉嚨腫痛，口舌生瘡，長期咳嗽，腹瀉，小便刺痛，被蛇咬傷。

Medical Function: [1]

藥理：[1]

Medical Functions:

The whole herb possess antibiotic, antiviral, antipyretic and ridding of parasite effect
decoction of 5 to 40%, to different degrees, inhibits Staphylococcus aureaus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella dysenteriae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Hemolytic streptococcus,
inhibits leptospirosis: andrographolide crude crystal of 1/5000 can inhibit invitro leptospirosis. It is more effective toward the fever type, Australian type, flu type and typhoid type. High concentration can cause leptospirosis to become stiff and to dissolve.
antiviral effect: it can slow down the effect of Enteric cytopathic human orphan virus (ECHO) on cell mutation.
antipyretic effect: deoxyandrographolide, andrographolide, neoandrographolide, 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide possess the antipyretic effect on rabbits with typhoid and with Paratyphoid Fever or fever caused by 2,4- dinitrobenzenephenol.

anti-inflammatory effect: deoxyandrographolide, andrographolide, neoandrographolide, 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide possess the effect of different degrees of anti-inflammatory effect. Stomach infusion of 1g/kg and inhibits the leakage of capillaries of the abdomen cavaties or skin of mice cause by xylene. (C₆ H ₄ ) or acetic acid. It can decrease the exudate of Selve's granuloma cause by ba dou but it does not affect the growth of the granuloma. It can inhibit the development edema of the paws of the rats caused by ege white; but the effect disappeared after removal of the adrenal glans.

antihypertensive effect: decoction of chuan xin lian can lower the blood pressure of cats under anaesthesia. The stems of chuan xin lian is more effective than the leaves.

effect on pitutary-adrenocortical hormone : large amount of deoxyandrographolide, andrographolide, neoandrographolide, 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide, can cause atrophy of the thymuses of young mice . This shows that the chemicals of this herb can enhance the function of the adrenocortex. The injectiones made from this herb can stimulate the pituitary - adrenal cortex axis.

藥理：

1. 全草有抗菌，抗病毒，解熱，驅蟲等作用。

2. 抗菌作用：穿心蓮5～40%水煎劑對金黃色葡萄球菌、變形桿菌，綠膿桿菌，肺炎雙球菌，溶血性鏈狀菌，傷寒及痢疾桿菌呈不同程度抑菌作用。

3. 抗鉤端螺旋體作用：穿心蓮總內酯粗結晶1：5000在體外對鉤端螺旋體有抑制作用，對致熱型、澳洲型及流感傷寒型較敏感，高濃度可使螺旋體僵硬失靈以致溶解。

4. 抗病毒作用：穿心蓮能延緩埃柯病毒致細胞病變的作用。

5. 解熱作用：去氧穿心蓮內酯、穿心蓮內酯、穿心蓮苷，脫水穿心蓮內酯對於傷寒副傷寒菌苗所致發熱之家兔或2,4─二硝基苯酚所致發熱之大白鼠均有一定解熱作用。

6. 抗炎症作用：去氧穿心蓮內酯，穿心蓮內酯、穿心蓮苷、脫水穿心蓮內酯均具有不同程度的抗炎作用，lg/kg灌服時能抑制二甲苯或醋酸所致小鼠皮膚或腹腔毛細血管通透性的增高，減少Selye氏肉芽囊中巴豆油所致急性滲出液量，但對肉芽組織增生無明顯影響，能抑制蛋清所致大鼠腳爪水腫的發展，但切除腎上腺後作用消失。

7. 降壓作用：穿心蓮煎劑對麻醉貓能引起降壓作用，其中莖的降壓作用比葉明顯。

8. 對垂體 - 腎上腺皮質功能的影響﹕ 穿心蓮甲﹐乙﹐丙﹐丁素於較大劑量時可能使到幼年小鼠胸腺萎縮﹐提示它們可能增強腎上腺皮質功能。其注射液能明顯興奮大鼠垂體 - 腎上腺皮質系統。

9. 毒性：

(1) 急性毒性﹕

小鼠與家兔灌服的LD₅₀為﹕13.4g/kg 穿心蓮總內酯，去氧穿心蓮內酯 (穿心蓮甲素) LD₅₀>20g/kg，穿心蓮內酯 (穿心蓮乙素) LD₅₀>40g/Kg，穿心蓮𢜟LD₅₀>20g/kg，l4-去氧-11,12-二去氫穿心蓮內酯 (穿心蓮丁素) LD₅₀>20g/kg﹐穿心蓮苦味素 10mg/kg 對家兔與小鼠無影響。宮內注射對子宮內膜的形態與構結也無影響。

(2) 長期毒性﹕給大白鼠與家兔灌服穿心蓮乙素1g/kg﹐每日一次﹐連續7天。對其體重﹐血象﹐肝﹐腎功能及主要器官的組織切片未見有明顯的影響。穿心蓮甲素有相同結果。

Chemical ingredients:

化學成份：

whole herb:	全草含:
deoxyandrographolide 0.1%	去氧穿心蓮內酯 0.1%(穿心蓮甲素)
andrographolide 1.5%	穿心蓮內酯 (穿心蓮乙素)
andrographosterin	穿心蓮甾醇
daucosterol	胡蘿蔔苷
andrographoside	穿心蓮內酯苷
neoandrographolide 0.2%	新穿心蓮內酯苷 (穿心蓮丙素) (穿心蓮苷)
homoandrographolide	高穿心蓮內酯
andrographan	穿心蓮烷
14-ninandrographolide	14-去氧穿心蓮內酯苷
19-glucosyl-deoxyandrographolide	19-葡萄糖基脫氧穿心蓮內酯
14-deoxy-l1,12-oxoandrographolide	14-去氧-1l,12-氧化穿心蓮內酯
14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide	l4-去氧-11,12-二去氫穿心蓮內酯 (穿心蓮丁素)
steroid saponin	固醇皂苷
sugar	糖類
tannins	鞣質
potassium chloride	氯化鉀
sodium chloride	氯化鈉
alkaloids	生物鹼
Root:	根含
mono-O-methylwithin	5-烴基-7,8,2,3-四甲氧基黃酮
andrographin	5-烴基-7,8,2-三甲基黃酮
panicolin	5,2-二羥基7,8-二甲氧基黃酮
apigenin-7,4-dimethylether	芹菜素-7,4-二甲醚
a₁-Sitosterol	a₁-谷甾醇
β-Sitosterol	β-谷甾醇
KH₂PO₄	KH₂PO₄
dihydroandrographidin A	二氫黃酮葡萄糖苷
andrographidin B, C, C, E, F	黃酮葡萄糖苷
Leaves:	葉含
deoxyandrographalide	去氧穿心蓮內酯
andrographolide	穿心蓮內酯
neoandrograPholide	新穿心蓮內酯
homoandrographolide	高穿心蓮內酯
paniculide A, B, C	欖核蓮內酯
andragraphan	穿心蓮烷
andrographon	穿心蓮酮
andrographosterin	穿心蓮固醇
β-Sitosterol-D -glucoside	β-谷固醇-D-葡萄糖苷
oroxylin-A	千層紙素A
wogonin	漢黃芩素
flavon	黃酮
iphatic aldehyde	飽和脂肪醛
unsaturated ketone	不飽和酮
young leaves and sprouts:	幼嫩各部分器管及胚軸、胚芽等愈合組織:
PaniculidesA,B,C	穿心蓮內酯A,B,C