Pharmaceutical name: 英文藥名﹕ | Borneol |
Botanical name: 學名﹕ | Dryobalanops aromatica Gaertn. or Blumen (龍腦香) Blumea balsamifera DC (艾纳香（大艾）) |
Pron. in Japanese: 日語發音﹕ | ryuno (龍腦) |
Pron. in Korean: 韓語發音﹕ | pingpyon (冰片) |
Pron. in Cantonese:: 粵音﹕ | bing1 pin1 |
Other Names: 別名﹕ | long nao龍腦,nao zi 腦子, rui long nao 瑞龍腦, mei hua nao zi 梅花腦子, mei hua pian nao 梅花片腦, pian nao 片腦, mei hua nao 梅花腦, bing pian nao 冰片腦, mei pian 梅片, mei bing 梅冰。 |
Common Name: 英文名﹕ | borneol |
Distribution: 產地﹕ | Southeast Asia, Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangdong, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan provinces of China. |
Properties (characteristics)﹕ 性味﹕ | acrid, slightly warm, toxic. 辛，微温， 有毒。 |
Channels (meridians) entered: 歸經﹕ | heart, spleen, liver, lung. 心，脾，肝，肺。 |
| Medical functions: 藥理﹕ | anti lack of oxygen of cardiac muscle relieve angina: in clinical experience, the prepared herb su bing di wan which contain bing pian can relieve discomfort and tension in the chest because of lack of circulation to the heart muscle. anti-biotic effect: 0.5% bing pian solution can inhibit bacteria and can have preservation effect. It inhibits Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli. It also can inhibit some of the fungi that cause skin diseases. localized pain arresting effect promote delivery effect: it can induce the delivery of mid term or late term pregnant mice to deliver. sedative effect: borneol and isoborneol possess sedative effect. Bing pian can provide slight stimulating effect to sensory nerves. It can be rapidly absorbed by the intestine. After 5 minutes of taking the herb, a large amount can pass through the blood brain barrier and can stay there for long time. 抗心肌缺血作用：冰片中的主要成份龍腦、異龍腦均有耐缺氧的作用。 動物實驗，含冰片的蘇冰滴丸，可使實驗心肌梗塞犬的冠竇 血流量明顯增加，並減慢心率，降低心肌耗氧量；對垂體後葉素所致心肌營養性血流量降低和心肌超微結構改變，蘇冰滴丸有對抗和保護作用。
緩解心絞痛的作用：臨床上，含冰片的蘇冰滴丸有緩解心絞痛的作用。
抗菌作用：0.5%冰片可抑菌，有溫和的防腐作用， 對葡萄球菌、鏈球菌，肺炎雙球菌、大腸杆菌等有抑制作用。對部分致病性皮膚真 菌亦有明顯抑制作用。
止痛：局部鎮痛作用，外用時對感覺神經末梢有輕微刺激作用，同時呈現局部溫和的止痛效果。
防腐作用 引產作用：對中、晚期妊娠小鼠有引產作用。 鎮靜作用；龍腦、異龍腦有鎮靜作用； 冰片局部應用對感覺神經有輕微刺激，經腸系膜吸收迅速，給藥5分鐘即可通過血腦屏障，且在腦蓄積時間長，量也相當高，此為冰片的芳香開竅作 用提供了初步實驗依據。 |
Actions & Indications: 主治﹕ | For fainting due to strokes or heat, bunacle, pain in joints, ulceration of the cornea, sores in the mouth, eczema, Taking internally: Mainly being used in pills; seldom in decoction. External application: for washing or added in external medication. 中風厥，溫熱昏倒，瘡腫，關節疼痛，目赤翳膜，口瘡糜爛，濕疹等。
用法：內服，常入丸藥；外用， 配入外洗方或加入外用藥中。 |
Chemical ingredients: 化學成份﹕ | 龍腦冰 片含右旋龍腦 D-borneol，葎草烯 Humulene、β-欖香烯 β-Elemene、石竹 烯 Caryophyllene等倍半萜 Sesquiterpenoids，以及齊墩果 酸 Oleanolic acid、麥珠子酸 Alphitolic acid、積雪草酸 Asiatic acid、龍腦香醇酮（Dipterocarpol，Hydroxy-dammarenone Ⅱ）、龍腦香二醇酮（Dryobalanone） 、古柯二醇（Erythrodiol）、古柯二醇等三萜化合物。艾片含左旋龍腦 L-borneol。 |
Dosage: 用量﹕ | Taking orally: 0.15 g to 0.3 g. External application: make into powder or paste and apply. 内服：入丸、散，0.15 克～0.3克。外用：研末撒或调敷。 |
Samples of formulae: 處方舉例﹕ | Prescription Name: bing pian san (borneol powder) "Source: national patent Chinese medicines formulary"
Indications: articulate a sore throat.
Prescription: Gypsum 60 g, borneol 0.3g.
Make into fine powder 藥方名： 冰片散 《全國中藥成藥處方集》（呼和浩特方） 主治: 口齒咽喉痛。
處方: 石膏2兩，冰片3分。
制法: 上為細末。
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Modern Research: 現代研究﹕ | |
Toxicity & Cautions: 毒素與禁忌﹕ | Do not use during pregnancy or on patients with qixu (qi deficient) or xue xu (blood deficient) 。 孕婦或氣 虛 或 血虛 者忌服。 |
