Pharmaceutical name: 英文藥名﹕	ferrous sulfate heptahydrate
Chemical name: 化學名﹕	ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4.7H2O ) 硫酸亞鐵 (FeSO4.7H2O )
Pron. in Japanese: 日語發音﹕
Pron. in Korean: 韓語發音﹕
Pron. in Cantonese: 粵音﹕
Other Names: 別名﹕	shui lu fan 水綠礬 lu fan 綠礬 qing fan 青礬 jiang fan 絳礬
Synonyms: 英文別名：	ferrous sulphate, ferrous sulfate, green vitriol, iron vitriol, mol-iron, iron sulfate, iron sulphate, iron protosulfate, haemofort, ironate, irosul, mol-iron, presfersul
Common Name: 英文名﹕	Melanterite. It is named in 1850 from the Greek word for "copperas," meaning ferrous sulfate. [1]
Distribution: 產地﹕
Properties (characteristics)﹕ 性味﹕	sour, cool, toxic. 酸 ，涼，有毒。
Channels (meridians) entered:   歸經﹕	liver, spleen. 肝﹐脾經。
Medical functions: 藥理﹕
Actions & Indications: 主治﹕	Actions & Indications: Rid of toxins and dampness: being used externally on boils, skin ulcers, skin fungal infection . As tonic and rid of parasites: being used in edema due to deficiency; parasites and pain in the abdomen. 主治﹕ 解毒燥濕，殺虫止痒：外用治瘡毒潰爛，疥癬瘙痒。 燥濕殺虫補血：用於黃胖虛腫，虫積腹痛。
Chemical ingredients: 化學成份﹕	硫酸亞鐵 FeSO 4 7H 2 O
Dosage: 用量﹕	Internal use: 0.8 to 1.6 g, each time. Bake and make into pill or powder form.   内服每次0.8～1.6g，煅用，入丸散剤。 外用適量，翳膜撒或调敷，或為溶液塗洗。
Samples of formulae: 處方舉例﹕	For leukemia therapy: dan fan san 蛋礬散 For anemia caused by kidney failure: zao fan 200 g, da zao (pitted) 500 g, wheat flour (stir fry) 400 g, cloves 10 g, honey 200 g. Mix well and make into pills about the sizes of peas. Take 10 to 15 pills each time, twice a day. (source: Chronic Nephritis Prevention and Treatment, Chinese and Western Methods) 腎臟性貧血﹕皂矾(黑矾)200克，大 棗肉500克。炒熟薺麥麵400克，公丁香10克，蜂蜜200克，制成如豌豆大丸，每次10--15粒，每日服两次。<<慢性肾炎中西医防治>>
Modern Research: 現代研究﹕
Cautions: 禁忌﹕	Sometimes taken internally may cause vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness. Not to use by those with bleeding ulcer within the past 3 month. Not to be taken by pregnant women. While taking this herb, do not use tea. Large dosage can cause death. 內服有時能引起嘔吐﹐腹痛﹐腹瀉﹐頭暈。胃病患者﹐在三個月內有嘔血史者不宜服用。孕婦忌用。服用期間忌飲茶。大剤量能致命。

The color of zao fan is green or greenish black crystal. The early usage was for dying black, so it has been called zao (black) fan.  After heating in high heat it becomes Fe₂O₃ , which is a very fine and with very active characteristics.

皂礬又名綠礬,青礬，因最早用於染黑，所以也叫皂礬，為綠色結晶物.

青礬經煅燒 後，分解成粒度非常細而活性又很強的 Fe₂O₃。