Pharmaceutical name:英文藥名﹕ | Hirudo seu Whitmania |
Latin name:學名﹕ | Hirudo niponia Whitman, Whitmania pigra (Whitman), W. acranulata (Whiteman), Hirudo medicinalis |
Pron. in Japanese: 日語發音﹕ | Suitetsu |
Pron. in Korean: 韓語發音﹕ | Suchil |
Pron. in Cantonese: 粵音﹕ | seoi2 zat6 |
Other Names: 別名﹕ | ma huang 螞蟥 |
Common Name: 英文名﹕ | leech |
Distribution: 產地﹕ | being produced in Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan and northeastern provinces of China. 東北及河北，山東，江蘇，安徽，浙江，江西，湖北，湖南等地。 |
Properties (characteristics)﹕ 性味﹕ | salty, bitter, neutral, toxic 鹹﹐ 苦 ﹐ 平 ﹐ 有 毒 。 |
Channels (meridians) entered: 歸經﹕ | liver, bladder 肝 ﹐ 膀 胱 。 |
| Medical functions: 藥理﹕ | dissolving blood clot. lowers blood lipids terminating pregnancy effect 溶栓作用 降血脂作用 終止妊娠的作用 |
Actions & Indications:主治﹕ | For treatment of blood stasis, asthma, amenorrhea, physical injuries, unable to conceive, also used in abortion. Live shui zhi used externally in treating tumors, rid of swelling in boils, local blood clots (bruises),. 内服可以破血逐淤 ﹐治療月經不下，經水不利，血癜積聚，不懷孕，折傷疼痛﹐通利水道，亦可堕胎；作為蜞針外用，活水蛭可以吮吸腫毒，惡血，以治療瘤腫，局部瘀血，治哮喘。 |
Chemical ingredients:化學成份﹕ | hirudin, heparin, antithrombin [2] 水蛭素﹐ 肝素, 抗凝血酵素。【2】 |
Dosage: 用量﹕ | For decoction: 3 to 5 g. In powder form (in capsules): 0.3 to 0.5 g. It can be used in pills also. 3-5克，煎服。研末冲服装腔囊为佳，每次0.3克～0.5克，或入丸散。 |
Samples of formulae:處方舉例﹕ | di dang tang 抵當湯《傷寒論》 抵當湯主治：下焦蓄血所致的發狂或如狂，少腹硬滿，小便自利，喜忘，大便色黑易解，脈沉結，及婦女經閉，少腹硬滿拒按者。
tao ren wan 桃仁丸《聖惠方》
di huang tong jing wan 地黃通經丸《婦人良方》
duo ming san 奪命散《濟生方》 |
Modern Research: 現代研究﹕ | |
Toxicity & Cautions: 毒素與禁忌﹕ | not to use in cases of blood deficient, pregnancies, or without xue yu (blood stasis) 。 Large dosages can be toxic to the kidneys. 血虛 或懷孕期間﹐或無 血瘀 症狀者忌用。 大劑量可能對腎臟有毒。 |