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qing hao su 青蒿素

 

Translated and compiled by: Joe Hing kwok Chu

Qing hao su (qinghaosu), also known as Arteannuin, is a very effective anti malaria chemical ingredient derived from the herb qing hao. It  was first extracted from the herb huang hua hao (yellow flower hao) and the chemical ingredient is called huang hao su (黃蒿素) or Artemisinin.

This herb was developed after the then most effective anti malaria drug Chloroquine (Chloroquine Diphosphate) developed drug resistance in malaria therapy during the Vietnam War period. The herb qing hao su was developed in the Pharmacology School of Beijing Medical School in 1971.

Application:

  1. especially for malaria that recurs every other day,

  2. CNS type of malaria, also

  3. effective for malaria that has developed drug resistance of Chloroquine.

The combining usage of qing hao su and Chloroquine can drop the relapse rate to about 10%.

Dosage:

  1. Deep muscle injection: first time 200 mg, 6 to 8 hours later, another  100 mg,  2nd and 3rd day 100 mg. total dosage 500 mg. In serious cases, another dosage of 100 mg on the 4th day. Or use daily of 300 mg per day, total of 900 mg. Small children: 15mg/kg and finished the dosages in 3 days

  2. Oral application: First take 1 g. After 6 to 8 hours take another 0.5 g. On 2nd and 3rd day take  0.5g per day. Use it for 3 days. Total dosage is 2.5 g. Small children: 15 mg/kg. Use it for 3 days.

See mosquito repelling methods.

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The following will be translated:

http://www.sina.com.cn 2003年12月04日14:08 科技日报

屠呦呦 中國中醫研究院青蒿 與青蒿素研究中心主任

  20世 纪60年代越南 戰火瀰漫,瘧疾也大肆流行。當時,瘧原虫對王牌抗瘧藥氯喳產生了抗藥性,致使全球瘧疾的年發病人数達到数憶,病人死亡率急 劇上升。為此尋找新旔構類型的抗瘧藥成為全球棘手的熱點和難點,人們對此進行了大量工作而未獲得 满意结果。在 這一背景下,我們於1969年開始了抗瘧藥研究。 瘧疾對世界來講是常見病,在中 國還是一種古老的疾病,早在公元前12世 紀就有記載。我畢業於北京醫學院藥學系,工作後系統地 學習過中醫藥。這使我㛡信中醫藥學是一個偉大的寶庫,有許多值得我們努力探索的精華。我們經系統收集歷代醫籍、本草,從中整理歸 纳出200多方藥。歷經380多次樣品的鼠瘧篩選,1971年10月㺭 於在經歷大量失後取得中藥青蒿抗瘧篩選的成功。中藥青 蒿治療瘧疾最早見於公元340年 間的 東晉《肘後備急方》,作者是東晉醫學家和練丹化學家葛洪(281-341AD)。青蒿素的發明就是得益於傳統中醫藥學。1972年從中藥青蒿中分離得到抗瘧有效單體,命名為青蒿素,對鼠瘧、猴瘧的原虫抑制率達到l00%。1973年經臨床研究取得與實驗室一致的結果,抗 瘧新藥青蒿素由此誕生。青蒿素是具有過氧基團的倍半萜內酯化合物,正是我們苦苦尋找的全新旔構類型的抗 瘧藥。這充分𣟖明具有悠久歷史的中國醫藥學確有精華,經過繼承發揚﹐發掘提高,是可以為豐富世界醫學做出重要貢?的。青蒿素對瘧疾具有"高效、速效、低毒"的突出 療效。1981年10月在中國北京召開的由世界衛生組織等主辦的首次\"青蒿素專題\"國際會議上,我曾以《青蒿素的化學研究》為題發言,引起與會代表的極大興趣,並認為\"這一新的發現更重要的意義是在於發現這種化合物 獨特的化學結構,它將為進一步設計合成新藥指出方同 \"。1986年,青蒿素獲得一類新藥證書,其後雙氫青蒿素也獲一類新藥證書。這些成果分別獲得國家發明獎和全國十大科技成就獎。
  1998年,世界衛生組織第51屆大 會提出了在21世 紀\"控制瘧疾\"的響亮口號。青蒿素和它的衍生物就是我們的戰鬥武器,我 們願這一發明每天能把數千危難中的人們從死亡線上挽救回來。作為青蒿素的發明者,我衷心希望它在新的世 紀為人 類健康做出新的貢獻,使我們的明天更加美好!
  (本文作者為中國中醫研究院青蒿 與青蒿素研究中心主任,本文系作者在第二次世界知識產權組織創造力與發明國際論壇上的發言。)

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