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Pharmaceutical
name:
英文藥名﹕
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Semen Pharbitidis |
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Botanical name:
學名﹕
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Pharbitis nil
(L.) Choisy;
Pharbitis purpurea
(L.) Voigt (圓葉牽牛)
Ipomoea
nil (L.) Roth
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Pron. in Japanese:
日語發音﹕
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kengoshi |
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Pron. in Korean:
韓語發音﹕
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kyonuja |
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Pron. in Cantonese:
粵音﹕
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hin1 ngau4 zi2 |
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Other Names:
別名﹕
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hei
chou 黑 丑， bai chou 白丑，er chou 二丑，chou niu zi 丑牛子，hei qian niu zi 黑牽牛
子，bai qian niu zi 白牽牛子，la ba hua (trumptet flower)
喇叭花。 |
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Common Name:
英文名﹕
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morning glory seeds |
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Distribution:
產地﹕
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throughout China, especially
Liaoning. 全國均有。 主產於遼寧。
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Properties
(characteristics)﹕
性味﹕
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bitter, cold, toxic.
苦, 寒。有毒。
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Channels (meridians)
entered:
歸經﹕
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lung, kidney, large intestine.
入肺，腎 ，大腸經。
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| Medical functions:
藥理﹕
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Actions & Indications:
主治﹕
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- edema
- ascites
- constipation
- difficulty in urination
- berberi
- flatulence
- abundance of phlegm, cough, asthma
- abdomen pain with parasite
- 水腫
- 腹水，
- 二便不利，
- 腳氣,
- 腹脹,
- 痰壅氣滯，咳逆喘滿,
- 蟲積腹痛.
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Chemical ingredients:
化學成份﹕
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| Palmitic acid |
棕櫚酸 |
| Gibberellin A3 |
赤霉素甲3 |
| Gibberellin A20,
26, 27 |
赤霉素甲20 , 26, 27 |
| glucoside |
配糖物
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| Pharbitic acid C,
D |
牽牛 子酸丙， 丁 |
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pharbitin |
牽牛子甙 |
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tiglic acid |
順芷酸 |
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nilic acid |
尼裏酸 |
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Dosage:
用 量﹕
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4.5
to 9 g in decoction
0.3
~1.5 g in powder form.
入煎劑﹕4.5
克 ~ 9 克。
入粉劑﹕0.3~1.5克
。
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Samples
of formulae:
處方舉 例﹕
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For
edema of limbs and escites:
Name
of formula: qian niu san (pu ji fang)
Composition:
qian
niu zi, mu tong, bai zhu, sang gen bai pi, mu xiang, rou gui, chen pi.
For
worm parasites:
Name
of formula: qian niu san (Sheng's zhun sheng)
Composition:
qian
niu zi, da huan, bing nang, xiong huang.
牽牛散《普濟方》：牽牛子，木通，白朮，桑根白皮，木香，肉桂，陳皮。治水氣肢體浮腫，大小便澀，
上氣喘促。
牽牛散《沈氏尊生》：牽牛子，大黃，檳榔，雄黃。治蟲積。
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Modern Research:
現代研究﹕
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Toxicity & Cautions:
毒素與禁忌﹕
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This is a strong herb.
Using small amount can help bowel movements. Using large amount can
cause heavy diarrhea. It can be used temporary for cough with abundance
of phlegm and asthma but do not use for long time or in large amount.
Do not use in cases pixu
(spleen deficient),
qixu (qi deficient)
or during pregnancies. The raw seed
is toxic and it smell is pungent and strong, and its laxative effect
if drastic. After stir frying, it toxicity is less and the laxative
effect is mild. After stir frying, the herb is loose and brittle and
easier to smash and easier to decoct to extract the effective ingredients.
牽牛子為峻下的藥品，少用
則通大便，多用則瀉下如水。於用治痰壅氣滯，咳 逆喘滿，則只宜暫用，不可久服。孕婦及
脾虛 或
氣虛 者忌服。
生牽牛子有毒，氣味峻烈而瀉下力猛。炒牽牛子之毒性較小，瀉下作用較緩
和。且炒過後藥材質地變鬆脆，而易於粉碎和煎出有效成分
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