Present Day Usage:	chymopapain for intradiscal injection in patients with documented herniated lumbar intervertebral discs
Pharmaceutical name: 英文藥名﹕
Botanical name: 學名﹕	Carica papaya
Pron. in Japanese: 日語發音﹕
Pron. in Korean: 韓語發音﹕
Pron. in Cantonese: 粵音﹕	muk kua
Other Names: 別名﹕	Other Chinese names:wan shou guo萬壽果、Guangxi mu gua 廣西木瓜、mu dong gua 木冬瓜、shi gua 石瓜、ru gua 乳瓜、fan gua 番瓜、feng sheng gua 蓬生瓜 Other non Chinese names: beti petik, chich put, gandul, katela gantung, kates, kaunagaci, kepaya, kuntaia, lichoso, lohong si phle, mapaza, papiller, papaw, papaye, papayer, pepol, tinti.
Common Name: 英文名﹕	papaya
Distribution: 產地﹕
Properties (characteristics)﹕ 性味﹕	neutral, sweet. 性平、味甘
Channels (meridians) entered:   歸經﹕
Medical functions: 藥理﹕	Fruit: digestive enzyme effect, promotes lactation。 Leaves: cardiac stimulating and diuretic effects. 果有消食健胃，滋補催乳作用。 葉有強心﹐消腫作用。
Actions & Indications: 主治﹕	Fruit: pain in uterus, diarrhea, weak digestion, lack of appetite, lack of milk production, arthritis, numbness in limbs, ulcers of stomach and duodenum. Leaves: cardiac stimulating effect. being used in edema,  metabolic diseases. See Toxicity & Cautions item. 子宮痛，痢疾，脾胃虛弱，食欲不振，乳汁缺少，風濕關節疼痛，肢體麻木，胃、十二指腸潰瘍疼痛。 葉有強心﹐消腫作用。用于新陳代謝病症。看毒素與禁忌條。
Chemical ingredients: 化學成份﹕	alkaloids 生物鹼-- 1,300-4,000 ppm in leaves (葉) butanoic acid 丁烷酸 (丁酸)-- as much as 1.2mg/kg in fruit pulp (果漿多至1.2mg/kg ) methyl butanoate 丁酸甲酯-- as much as 18% of the volatile components in the fruit (果肉中多至揮發油之18%)) carpaine 番木瓜鹼(蘋果酸番木瓜鹼)-- leaves (1,000-1,500 ppm), bark, roots, and seeds (樹皮﹐根﹐種子) dehydrocarpaines 去水 番木瓜鹼-- 1,000 ppm in leaves (葉) pseudocarpaine 假番木瓜鹼-- 100 ppm in leaves (葉) chymopapain-a and b 糜木瓜酶 a 與 b latex 乳膠 exudate 滲出液 flavonols 黃烷醇-- 0-2,000 ppm in leaves (葉) benzyl glucosinolate 苯芥子油苷-- found in all parts of the plant, but highest in young leaves (尤其嫩葉中) linalool 芳樟醇-- as much as 94% of the volatile components in the fruit  (果) cis- and trans-linalool oxide -- fruit alpha-linolenic acid α-亞麻油酸-- 250-2,238 ppm in fruit  (果) nicotine papain 木瓜蛋白脢-- fruit and 53,000 ppm in latex and exudate alpha-phellandrene a-水芹烯-- fruit  (果) tannins 鞣質-- 5,000-6,000 ppm in leaves alpha-terpinene α-松油烯-- fruit  (果) gamma-terpinene γ-松油烯-- fruit  (果) 4-terpineol 4-松油醇-- fruit  (果) terpinolene 異松油烯 -- fruit  (果) methyl-thiocyanate 硫氰酸甲酯 benzyl-isothiocyanate 苯硫氰酸苄酯 Source﹕ USDA Phytochemical Ethnobiological Databases. Chinese terms translation by: Joe Hing kwok Chu 以上化學成份來源: 美國農業部﹐植物化學與民族植物學數據庫。朱興國翻譯。 尤其未熟果實含較多番木瓜蛋白脢。葉含番木瓜鹼。 成熟果實含水分90%、糖5～6%、少量的酒石酸、枸橡酸、蘋果酸番木瓜鹼(Carpaine)、木瓜蛋白脢(Papain)、凝乳脢(Rennin)。等。糖包括葡萄糖和果糖各2.5%、蔗糖1.0%。尚富含維生素，主為維生素C及A的前體，包括b-胡蘿蔔素、隱黃素(cryptoxanthin即 caricaxanthin)、蝴蝶梅黃質(violaxanthin)及其棕櫚酸酯。未熟果實含番木瓜蛋白每(papain)。 葉含番木瓜鹼 (carpaine，C14H25O2N，嫩葉中0.28%，老葉中0.07%)及番木瓜式(carposide)、膽鹼等。 種子含脂肪油25%，主要為油酸甘油酯及棕櫚酸甘油酯，異硫氰酸苄酯(benzylo isothiocyanate)、番木瓜(Carposide)等。此外，本植物尚含番木瓜酸(Carpanic acid)等。 以上中文化學成份來源﹕http://www2.cmu.edu.tw/~cmcscmr/index/plantsdb/data/CPL.htm
Dosage: 用量﹕
Samples of formulae :處方舉例﹕
Modern Research: 現代研究﹕
Toxicity & Cautions: 毒素與禁忌﹕	the leaves contain large amount of carpaine that possesses the effect of paralyzing the CNS. Large amount can cause difficulty in breathing and obstructing the function of the heart. 番木瓜葉含番木瓜鹼對中樞神經有麻痺作用，大量服吃會造成呼吸麻痺與心髒障礙。