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chuan niu xi 川牛膝  (in English and Chinese 中英文)

 

Translated by: Joe Hing kwok Chu

Pharmaceutical name:

英文藥名﹕

Radix Cyathulae

Botanical name:

學名﹕

Cyathula officinalis Kuan

Pron. in Japanese:

日語發音﹕

sengoshitsu

Pron. in Korean:

韓語發音﹕

cheon useul

Pron. in Cantonese:

粵音﹕

cyun1 ngau4 sat1

Other Names:

別名 ﹕

niu xi (in Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan)

牛膝 (四川,貴州,雲南)

tian quan niu xi

天全牛膝

du niu xi

都牛膝

mi xin niu xi

米心牛膝

jia niu xi

家牛膝

ruo niu xi

肉牛膝

da niu xi

大牛膝

guai niu xi

拐牛膝

tian niu xi

甜牛膝

tian chuan niu xi

甜川牛膝

long niu xi ( in Sichuan)

龍牛 膝 (四川)

Common Name:

英文名﹕

Cyathula Root

Distribution:

產地﹕

mainly being produced in Sichuan, Yunnan, and Guizhou.

Recently also propagated in Shaanxi, Hubei, and Hunan.

主產於四川、雲南、貴州。近年來陝西、湖北、湖 南有栽培。

Properties

(characteristics)﹕

性味﹕

sweet, slightly bitter, neutral.

甘,微苦,平。

Channels (meridians) entered:

 

歸經﹕

liver, kidney.

入肝,腎經。

Medical functions:

藥理﹕

 

1. effects on uterus: the extract of this herb can relax the the pregnant and non-pregnant uteri of guinea pigs and non-pregnant cats.

2. anti-pregnancy: using benzene extract of chuan niu xi 2.5 g (raw herb)/kg, continuously feeding lab mice for 3 days, starting from 7th days of pregnancy. The anti-pregnancy rate is 100% (15 mice) with fetuses aborted, or death or bleeding from the vagina. [3]

3. effect on blood circulation

4. effect on metabolism

5. cholagogue (promotes bile secretion)

6. lowers lipids

7. effect on immune system

8. promotes recovery of liver function of laboratory rats from

hepatitis caused by heliotrine.

The following will be translated.

1. 對子宮的作用:
  本品的流浸膏能使豚鼠已孕及未孕子宮和貓的未孕子宮弛緩,

使家兔 已孕及未孕子宮和貓的已孕子宮收縮[1,2]。

2. 抗生育作用:
  川牛膝的苯提取物2.5g(生 藥)/kg,從小白鼠妊娠第7日 開始,連續灌服3日 。抗生育的有效率為100%(15只), 使胚胎排出,死亡或陰道流血[3]。又報道,本品苯提取物250mg/kg抗 生育有效率為100%,500mg/kg抗 著床的有效率也為100%,而乙酸乙酯提取物效果較差,醇提取物作用最弱[4]。
3. 對血液流變學的影響:
  川牛膝煎劑l0g/kg灌 胃,每日2次,連續3日,對正 常及急性血淤模型大鼠的各項血液流變學指標均無明顯影響。在抗凝實驗中,對大鼠血漿復鈣時間明顯延長,表明本品有一定活血作用,但其效果 不如懷牛膝[5]。
4. 對代謝的影響:
  給幼鼠連續投與蛻皮甾酮60日 ,除明顯促進體重增加及肝腎蛋白合成增加外,尚可發現肝細胞處於分裂活化狀態,生成巨核,雙核或多核細胞。這些作用在成熟小鼠表現較弱[6]。 大鼠灌服蛻皮甾酮有同化作用,能增加未成熟閹割雄大鼠提肛肌重量,對未成熟及成熟大鼠可增加體重,內臟及骨骼肌重量和總蛋白量,對糖代謝 也有明顯影響,使肝糖原及肌糖原含量增加,但對脂肪代謝影響很小[7]。也有報道認 為本品對閹割動物無雄激素樣作用[8]。
5. 利膽作用:
  蛻皮甾酮5mg/(kg/d)灌 胃1次或連用7日,均能促進大 鼠膽汁分泌,並能改變膽汁的成分,使膽酸及膽紅素含量增加,膽固醇含量降低[9]。
6. 降脂作用:
  蛻皮甾酮10mg/kg灌 胃能抑制WR-1339所致大鼠高膽固醇血症及高甘油三酷血症,對兔實驗性動脈硬化 也有抑制作用[10]。
7. 對免疫功能的影響:
  蛻皮甾酮1mg/kg腹 腔注射,能使羊紅細胞免疫小鼠的脾臟抗體形成細胞增加。此外,能促進培養人皮膚成纖維細胞的蛋白質合成,但通常抑制植物血凝素刺激的培養 人淋巴細胞的DNA合成[11]。
8. 其他作用:
  蛻皮甾酮對天芥菜鹼(heliotrine)所 致肝炎大鼠,有加速肝功能恢復正常的作用[9]。

以上中文取材自http://www.hulu.com.tw/

Actions & Indications:

主治﹕

rheumatism, hematuria, amenorrhea, abdominal mass (fibroids of the uterus, ovarian cysts, endometriosis, pelvic inflammation, blood retention due to gynatresia, extra-uterine pregnancy, bleeding in the uterus, and other pelvic masses)

濕腰膝疼痛,腳痿筋攣,血淋,尿血,婦女經閉,症瘕(子宮肌瘤,卵巢囊腫,子宮內膜異位症, 盆腔炎性包 塊, 陰道閉鎖的月經瀦留, 陳舊性宮外孕, 內生殖器的畸胎瘤, 或某些婦科癌變等所表現的盆腔腫塊, 脹痛, 或出血。 )

Chemical ingredients:

化學成份﹕

root contains β-ecdysterone and trace amount of titanium (12.5ug/g).

根含β-蛻皮甾酮(β-ecdysterone)及微量元素 鈦(12.5ug/g)等]。

Dosage:

用量﹕

for decoction: 6 to 10 g, or use in pills or in powder form. It can be used for soaking in alcohol for drinking.

煎湯: 6~10g;或入丸,散,亦可 泡酒飲。

Samples of formulae:

處方舉例﹕

1. Name of formula: xie qing tang with adjustment

Application: hypertension with headache, constipation, stringy, stiff and large on the 3 positions of the pulse.

Composition: fang feng,  long dan cao,  shan zhi zi,  da huang,  huang qin,  chuan niu xi.

 

加減瀉青丸 (小兒藥證直訣)
主治:功能主治 高血壓頭痛,氣實便結,脈三部弦硬而大者。
處方
防風龍膽草山梔子大黃  黃芩、川牛膝。  用法用量 水煎服。 摘錄 《雜病証治新義》

 

Modern Research:

現代研究﹕

 

Toxicity & Cautions:

毒素與禁忌﹕

not to use in case of pregnancy, excess bleeding during menstruation and spermatorrhea

懷孕,經期出血過多,遺精者忌用。

 

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Last update: Sept 28, 2013; 10 P.m. LAH